New Rules For Raw Milk Products Considered
The New Zealand Food Safety Authority is proposing a framework that would allow a wider variety of raw milk products to
be sold and produced in New Zealand.
Currently food regulations only allow a narrow range of raw milk products to be imported and sold. These are three
particular hard and very hard Swiss cheeses, extra-hard Parmesan style grating cheeses and the semi-hard Roquefort
cheese. NZFSA's proposed framework for the manufacture, importation, sale and export of raw milk products would allow
for the manufacture and sale of raw milk products that have been produced to an acceptable level of microbial safety
from a number of milking animals including cow, goat, sheep, buffalo, horse and camel. Under this framework it is
expected that not all raw milk products will be allowed to be manufactured or imported into New Zealand. For example,
general sale of raw drinking milk is not expected to be permitted, although the existing allowance for up to five litres
of raw milk to be purchased for personal consumption from the farm gate would stay in place.
The proposal is detailed in an NZFSA public discussion document, with submissions closing on Tuesday, September 30.
Director of Standards Carol Barnao says the new raw milk products framework, if implemented, would address the concerns
of some cheese producers, who are unhappy with what they see as an uneven playing field that currently allows
importation of raw milk cheeses made overseas while domestic manufacturers cannot make their own equivalent products.
"NZFSA believes it is possible for some raw milk products to be manufactured and sold in New Zealand and equivalent
products to be imported here, by ensuring they are made from milk produced under particularly stringent conditions of
animal health, and by following appropriate processing hygiene and controls," Carol says. Only products that are
assessed to achieve an acceptable level of microbial safety for the general population would be permitted under the new
framework.
Raw milk products are inherently higher risk foods than pasteurised products, because they have not undergone enough
heat treatment to kill pathogens such as Listeria monocytogenes and E-coli, which can cause foodborne illness. Products
with high moisture levels can support the survival and growth of these pathogens and internationally illness caused by
high numbers of Listeria monocytogenes and E-coli have been traced back to raw milk products.
Carol says the proposed framework is based on risk assessments of the hazards associated with raw milk products and how
these could be managed. "Letting more raw milk products onto the market would mean striking a balance between ensuring
the safety of our food while giving consumers the right to choose."
Under the proposed framework raw milk products would be categorised according to the risks they present. Examples of
products that could be in category one would be those products that pose no greater food safety concerns than
pasteurised cheeses, such as the extra-hard grating, Parmesan-style raw milk cheeses. Category two would contain
products that are low risk for the general population but may post a higher risk for vulnerable consumers, such as
Roquefort. Risk management strategies would be put in place to manage those risks, including public awareness campaigns
and further requirements for production. Category three would cover those raw milk products that cannot currently be
produced to an acceptable level of safety for the general population.
Carol says the framework recognises that some raw milk products can be produced so they pose low risk for all consumers
or low risk to the general population, but also that vulnerable consumers are more at risk of falling ill from some raw
milk products. These vulnerable consumers include babies and toddlers under three, the frail elderly, expectant mothers
and those whose immune systems may be weakened. The new rules would include strategies to mitigate risks for these
vulnerable consumers by making them aware that raw milk products can pose a higher risk than traditional, pasteurised
products. Raw milk products would be labelled so these vulnerable groups can avoid them.
If the framework is progressed, a second round of consultation is scheduled to be carried out in 2009 on the specific
details.
The raw milk discussion document can be found on NZFSA's website at www.nzfsa.govt.nz and hard copies can be ordered
from NZFSA's helpline: 0800 693 721.
ENDS