A young girl cooks in a rural village in Ethiopia, where the land has been affected by recurrent droughts. ©
UNICEF/Tanya Bindra
The UN Secretary-General has called for “a new contract for nature” to address ongoing global challenges connected to land degradation, such as forced migration, hunger and climate
change.
António Guterres made the appeal on Wednesday in a message to mark the World Day to Combat Desertification and Drought.
“Through international action and solidarity, we can scale up land restoration and nature-based solutions for climate
action and the benefit of future generations. By doing so, we can deliver on the Sustainable Development Goals and leave no one behind”, he said.
Desertification, or the degradation of land in arid areas, is caused primarily by human activities and climatic
variations, with more than three billion people routinely affected.
Drylands cover more than a third of the planet’s land surface. They are extremely vulnerable to overexploitation and
inappropriate land use, such as through overgrazing or bad irrigation practices.Choose to protect nature
This year’s observation puts the spotlight on sustainable production and consumption.
With ‘Food. Feed. Fibre’ as the slogan, the aim is to get people everywhere to reduce food waste, shop at local markets,
and swap clothes instead of always buying new items.
The head of the UN office which oversees a global treaty on preventing land degradation said that although the COVID-19 pandemic may have temporarily curtailed some freedoms, such as travelling at will, people still have freedom of choice.
“In our globalized world, the food we eat, the feed for our livestock and the fibre for clothes, impact land thousands
of miles away,” said Ibrahim Thiaw, Executive Secretary at the UN Convention to Combat Desertification.
“Each of us holds the power to protect the land for each choice we make in our daily lives. And we can still choose to
protect nature. By doing so, we in fact protect our future.”Great Green Wall
The Secretary-General pointed to efforts to reverse land degradation, such as the Great Green Wall in Africa’s Sahel
region, launched by the African Union in 2007.
Through the initiative, trees are being planted from Senegal to Djibouti, to restore land and boost food security,
transforming lives and livelihoods along the way.
“Such efforts bring back biodiversity, reduce the effects of climate change and make communities more resilient,” the UN
chief said. “All told, the benefits outweigh the costs ten-fold.”
Globally, 75 per cent of land is degraded, according to the President of the UN General Assembly, Tijjani
Muhammad-Bande.
“As land degrades, resources deplete. Thus, the most vulnerable people are further exposed to poverty and hunger; with
women, smallholder farmers, indigenous communities and children being disproportionately affected”, he said.‘Urgent paradigm shift’
The resulting extreme poverty and hunger are among the root causes of both conflict and migration, he continued,
outlining a cycle of “degrade-abandon-migrate”.
Mr. Muhammad-Bande believes an “urgent paradigm shift” is needed, focusing on protection, sustainability and
restoration, and he called for renewed commitment to safeguarding the planet.
“As we build back better in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, let us work together with farmers to promote sustainable
land management”, he said.
“We must support smallholder farmers, the vast number of whom are women, to make evidence-based decisions in regard to
crop selection, inputs usage, and land resilience, in the face of climate change and loss of biodiversity.”