All Parties To Conflicts Must Be Held To Account In Protection Of Civilians – UN Official
New York, Jan 14 2009 3:10PM
Citing the “dreadful beginning” of 2009 for civilians caught up in armed conflict, the top United Nations humanitarian
official told the Security Council today that strict respect for international law by all parties to fighting was
critical to end the suffering.
“Violations of international humanitarian law by one party to a conflict offer no justification for non-compliance by
other parties,” Under-Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs John Holmes said, as he opened a debate for which 50
speakers were inscribed by evoking the civilian toll in Gaza, Afghanistan, Somalia, Sudan, the Democratic Republic of
the Congo (DRC) and Sri Lanka, and presenting measures to reduce it.
“Allegations of violations must be fully investigated and those responsible held to account,” Mr. Holmes stressed.
In addition to the growing number of civilians killed in Gaza and those terrorized by rockets in southern Israel, he
spoke of civilians executed, brutalized and displaced by rebels in the eastern DRC, the use of human shields and random
fire in Somalia and the 40 per cent increase of civilians killed – for a total of some 2,000 – during hostilities in
Afghanistan in 2008.
Concerning the carnage in Gaza, he said constant care must be taken to spare the civilian population in the context of
military operations, and that neither party seemed to be measuring up to such requirements.
“Can we look at what has been happening in Gaza in the last three weeks and say that either Israel or Hamas has come
close to respecting these rules? I think not,” he said.
It was relatively straightforward, if not always easy or productive, for the UN to engage with national or international
forces, he said, but humanitarian actors could not only talk to one side in a conflict.
“If we are serious about sparing civilians from the effects of hostilities, about obtaining access to those in need and
seeking to ensure that humanitarian workers can operate safely, humanitarian actors must have consistent and sustained
dialogue with all parties to a conflict, be it the Taliban, Hamas or Al-Shabaab,” he said, naming groups in Afghanistan,
Gaza and Somalia, respectively.
It was important to talk to those groups to explain the requirements of international law, to speak out for their
victims or communities they endangered through their mere presence and by storing weapons in homes, schools and places
of worship and to call them to account when they violate international humanitarian law.
“It is simply not sufficient to oppose such engagement for fear that it will confer a degree of recognition on these
groups,” he said.
To further help protect civilians, Mr. Holmes supported targeted strategies against sexual violence as well as the
establishment of a Security Council Expert Group on the topic, as proposed by Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon.
ENDS