Better IT connectivity can unleash Africa's economic potential, UN officials say
Better information technology links can help Africa to unleash its economic potential, United Nations and business
leaders said today in New York.
African countries have registered the world's highest mobile phone growth, ranging from 50 to 400 per cent in the last
three years, Hamadoun Touré, Secretary-General of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), told a press
briefing.
Africa's goal should be to replicate that success in broadband capability, also achieving "Internet access in every
village, every school, every university, every hospital."
Lack of Internet access is holding back growth, according to ITU figures. Less than 4 per cent of Africans have Internet
access, broadband penetration is below 1 per cent and 70 per cent of all continental traffic goes outside Africa,
driving up costs for consumers. The cost of Internet connectivity in Africa, says the World Bank, is the highest in the
world - some $250-300 per month.
Africa needs a competitive information and communication technology (ICT) infrastructure, Mr. Touré said. "By bringing
optical fibres in some of the networks, by just closing the loops, you will avoid excessive Internet transit costs,
bringing down the cost by two thirds," he said.
China and India have increased both public and private investment in ICT in Africa, and other countries could do the
same, he said. "Once the infrastructure is there, once you have the proper capacity building, you can have real growth,
with exponential figures," he said.
Mobile telephone use in Africa will undoubtedly follow the general trends of other developing regions, said Craig
Barrett, Chairman of the UN Global Alliance for ICT and Development and Chairman of the Board of Intel Corporation. In
China, India and Latin America, the private sector had gone in, and with spectrum allocation and competitive markets,
had been able to bring affordable communications to all of the people. "We expect to see that in Africa," he said.
Mr. Barrett said connectivity poses a challenge. The average monthly cost for a 256 kilobits per second connection was
more than the total hardware and software costs. Broadband connectivity costs should ideally fall by more than
two-thirds by 2009, he said, adding that the gate to Africa's development would be "providing inexpensive connectivity
over broad stretches of territory."
The success of Africa's telecom industry, said Mohsen Khalil, Director of Global ICT at the World Bank Group, had shown
investors that in Africa they could "contribute to development and still make money." About $25 billion in foreign
direct investment had been invested in African telecoms in the last 10 years, he said.
Two factors, he said, have contributed to the success of the telecom industry: technological innovation in the mobile
area and the adoption of liberal policies. What was now needed for broadband expansion were regulations ensuring an even
playing field, and public-private partnerships.
"When you give access to a human being, you unleash the power of human innovation and entrepreneurship," he said. "It is
really so powerful - all they need is access."
A "Connect Africa" summit in October in Kigali, Rwanda, will focus on making ICT capabilities available for economic
development and connectivity. "We will try to bring together the public and private sectors to achieve this," Mr.
Barrett said.
Walter Fust, Director-General of the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation, voiced support for the Kigali summit
to keep ICT for development high on the political agenda, to broaden the discussion to innovative financing mechanisms
and local content, and to support "the mobilizing of the doers, not only of the talkers."
ENDS