May 3, 2021
Geneva – Ten human rights organizations issued a joint statement today calling on the Iraqi Kurdistan authorities to stop
their ongoing violations against freedom of the press, lift restrictions on journalistic work, and stop prosecuting and
detaining journalists.
In the statement, issued on World Press Freedom Day, the organizations expressed their concern about the regional
authorities' insistence on prosecuting journalists on charges related to their journalistic work and continued disregard
for relevant local and international laws required to guarantee freedom of press, opinion, expression and publication.
The organizations signatories to the statement are the Euro-Mediterranean Human Rights Monitor, the MENA Rights Group,
the Press Freedom Advocacy Association in Iraq, HuMENA for Human Rights and Civic Engagement (HUMENA Regional), SAM for
Rights and Liberties, Iraqi War Crimes Documentation Center, AFD International, Human Rights Solidarity, International
Academy for Rights and Development- Paris, and the International Institute for Rights and Development –Geneva
(IRD–Geneva).
The targeting of journalists and prying into civilian activity in the Kurdistan region of Iraq are a part of the
authorities' attempts to weaken the popular movement and restrict media coverage on the demonstrations that demanded
economic reforms and improvement of living conditions for the population in the oil region, the statement said.
On February 15, 2021, journalists Sherwan Sherwani, Ghadar Zebari and Ayaz Karam appeared before the Erbil Criminal
Court on charges of “undermining national security”. The next day, the court sentenced them to a 6-year-imprisonment on
trumped-up charges, such as spying for foreign countries and trying to destabilize security and stability and discredit
the region.
The organizations said that the three journalists were arrested in October 2020 after their significant interaction with
the widespread protests that demanded improvement of economic and living conditions caught the authorities attention.
In December 2020, the authorities of the Kurdistan region in Iraq arrested at least five journalists for covering the
widespread protests. They banned the broadcasting NRT channel temporarily for the same reason after the security forces
"Asayish" stormed the headquarters of the channel and destroyed and looted its contents.
In August 2020, journalist Honer Rasul was killed while covering the popular protests in the city of Rania in the
Sulaymaniyah Governorate. The official authorities attributed the cause of his death to a heart attack and ignored any
urges of opening a transparent investigation into the incident.
According to the sequence of events in the region and the analysis of the authorities' hostile behaviour towards
journalists, it appears that the authorities do not show any respect for the Iraqi law, local legal directives, or the
international law regarding the freedom of press, the statement said.
The statement noted that the 2007 Kurdistan Press Law guarantees freedom in journalistic work as article (2) of the law
stipulates that "the press is free and has no censorship, and freedom of expression and publication is guaranteed to
every citizen in a respectful framework," and it also guarantees "the journalist to obtain information of interest to
citizens and related to the public interest from its various sources, under the law."
The same law criminalizes assaults made on journalists, stating that “whoever insults or assaults a journalist because
of their work shall be punished with the penalties prescribed for whoever assaults an employee during or because of the
performance of their duties”.
The law also stresses that "it is not permissible to investigate the journalist or search their workplace or residence
(...) except by a judicial decision, and the captain or their legal representative may be present in the investigation."
The organizations said in the statement for more pressure on the regional authorities to end the violations against
journalists, and to establish a mechanism for accountability for the violations committed against them to ensure an end
to the policy of impunity.
The authorities should stop arbitrarily using the law to prosecute journalists for their legitimate work, and to abide
by international and local laws that guarantee journalists to work freely without any restrictions or obstacles, the
organizations said.
In early September, the Euro-Med documented testimonies of eleven Palestinian families whose children have been arrested
or forcibly disappeared in the last few months during their stay or visit to Saudi Arabia. In fact, those people were
isolated from the outside world without any specific charge against them. They were not brought before the public
prosecution, nor allowed to communicate with their relatives or lawyers.
The two organizations explained that there is no legal basis for detaining these people without informing their families
of their whereabouts by the Saudi authorities.
The Euro-Med and IRDG called on the Human Rights Council to condemn in the strongest terms the forcible disappearance
and abduction of innocent civilians by contributing to the efforts to secure their release, while calling on all
international parties to immediately take action to save these Palestinians, including the elderly, who have been
subjected to enforced disappearance in the Kingdom, where the executive authorities have a long series of human rights
violations.
The two organizations urged the United Nations to open an urgent investigation into the practice of enforced
disappearance and prosecute those responsible.
Under international law, the crime of enforced disappearance could be valid unless the state reveals the fate or
whereabouts of the concerned person.
Victims of enforced disappearance are people who have been forcibly disappeared from their loved ones and society. They
are isolated from the outside world upon arrest from their homes or even public places by state officials who deny doing
so or refuse to reveal their whereabouts, which is common in many Middle Eastern countries.