Guatemala: UN experts concerned indigenous leader convicted in retaliation for opposition to Oxec hydro project
GENEVA (19 December 2018) – UN rights experts have expressed concerns over the jailing of an indigenous leader and human
rights defender in Guatemala following opposition to a hydro-electric dam project.
Bernardo Caal Xól, who was sentenced in November to seven years and four months’ imprisonment, has represented the
q’eqchí’ communities in Santa Maria Cahabón municipality in legal actions against the Oxec company’s project since 2015.
“The criminalisation of Mr. Caal Xól was preceded by virulent defamation campaigns in media, depicting him as a violent
criminal acting against the interest of the nation,” said the Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples,
Victoria Tauli-Corpuz, who visited Guatemala in May 2018 and met him in prison in Cobán. “When we met, Mr. Caal Xól expressed serious concerns over his personal security in
prison. I urge that his effective protection be ensured,” the independent expert said.
The project started without consultation and the consent of the affected communities and has had a detrimental impact on
the environment, the natural resources, access to water and the health of the q’eqchí’ communities, the experts said.
In January 2017, the Supreme Court had ordered a temporary suspension of the Oxec project, causing losses to the
company, and in May 2017, the Constitutional Court issued a judgement which recognised the right to free, prior and
informed consent of the q’eqchí’peoples concerned.
Coinciding with the timing of the legal complaints against the hydroelectric project Oxec, Mr. Caal Xól faced criminal
charges lodged against him by a subsidiary of the Oxec company. Since January 2018, he has been placed in pre-trial
detention.
“The conviction of Mr. Caal Xól to over seven years in prison on charges of illegal detention and aggravated robbery of
a drill, a tool box and some fibre optic cable, appears grossly inflated and was primarily based on testimonies of
affiliates with the Oxec company. The conviction of the q’eqchí’ leader is an apparent attempt to silence and discredit
the legitimate exercise of the rights of the indigenous community,” the experts stated. “This is not an isolated case;
there are numerous indigenous community members who are being criminalised in Guatemala for defending their traditional
lands and resources against large-scale development projects which cause environmental damage. We recall that criminal
investigations must be independent and impartial.”
“We urge the Government to ensure the effective protection of indigenous human rights defenders. We also recall that
business enterprises have an independent responsibility to respect human rights, in line with the UN Guiding Principles
on Business and Human Rights“, the experts concluded.
ENDS