From the Rohingya in Myanmar to the Roma in Europe, minorities already vulnerable to human rights violations are being
victimised further by lack of citizenship, a UN expert said today.
“A huge proportion of the world’s stateless belong to specific minorities that appear to be targeted by state policies,
practices, or legislation, or at the very least are at the receiving end of discriminatory citizenship decisions,” the
UN Special Rapporteur on minority issues told the General Assembly.
Fernand de Varennes also urged international organisations and human rights groups not to ignore the marginalisation of
minorities this entails. More than three-quarters of those who are stateless belong to minorities, he said in a report, also citing
Palestinians and Dominicans of Haitian descent in the Americas.
“Discriminatory practices targeting minorities remain still largely unrecognised, unappreciated and unaddressed. In all
parts of the world, minorities are those who are the largest groups affected by the lack of the protection of any
citizenship,” de Varennes said.
He commended the UNHCR’s recognition in 2017 of statelessness as a minority issue. “Statelessness doesn’t simply happen:
it too often involves discriminatory practices and a disregard of the human rights of minorities considered unworthy or
undesirable,” the Special Rapporteur said.
“It is neither accidental nor neutral: just as was the case for the Jewish minority in Germany before the Second World
War, minorities continue to find themselves ‘unworthy’ of citizenship, with consequent obstacles in accessing basic
public services, even including in some cases education, and the exercise of other basic human rights.”
De Varennes said the UNHCR’s #IBelong Campaign to eradicate statelessness by 2024 has targeted areas such as the equal
right for women to confer nationality on their children and spouses. A global plan for equal nationality rights for
minorities was also needed to avoid escalation into large-scale humanitarian crises, radicalisation and potential
threats to peace and security.
“The human rights community must focus on and address more directly the causes of most cases of statelessness, and
radically reconsider and realign its approaches and strategies in relation to minorities,” he said.
The Special Rapporteur hopes a document can be drafted that formally recognises as part of customary law the obligation
of granting citizenship to children born in a state who would otherwise be stateless.