India: Tribes Threatened by Conservation Plan Historic Protest
Hundreds of Baiga people from the area that inspired Kipling’s The Jungle Book are rallying to oppose the authorities’ attempts to evict them from the forests that they have lived in and managed since time immemorial.
Baiga tribespeople are joining forces from over 70 different villages in an area of 1,500 square kilometres. The
protests have been sparked by official efforts to evict two Baiga communities from a wildlife “corridor”. Dozens of
neighboring Baiga communities are now terrified they will be next, as they face poverty, exploitation and misery if
forced from their homes.
The Baiga are particularly worried by the two upcoming evictions, as both state authorities and the World Wildlife Fund
(WWF) promised that evictions would not take place in the “corridor” areas, which run between the protected nature
reserves.
By law, any resettlements of tribal people must be voluntary, even for those living in designated conservation areas.
However Baiga people report threats, intimidation and violence until they have no choice but to leave their homes.
Baiga elder, Bhardan Singh told Survival International: “The forest guards beat me until I fell from the tree. I split
my hip bone and couldn’t stand. I crawled to the edge of the park. The guards just left me and walked away.”
This weekend’s protest is a local flashpoint in an ongoing national issue. Tribal peoples living in tiger reserves
across India are being forced to leave their ancestral homelands in the name of tiger conservation. However, tiger numbers have increased rapidly in the first reserve in India where a tribe won the right to stay on their land, showing people and tigers can flourish
alongside one another.
Survival International, the global movement for tribal peoples’ rights, launched a tourist boycott in November last year, urging visitors to India not to visit any of India’s tiger reserves until the Indian tiger
authority respects tribal peoples’ rights to live in and protect their forests.
Survival Director Stephen Corry said: “These evictions, both inside and outside the tiger reserves, are totally
unjustified, as well as illegal. Not only do they destroy the lives of the people forced from their homes, but they
don’t help the tigers either. The authorities and WWF promised there would be no evictions – as so often in the past,
such promises have proven worthless.”
The march will take place from 17th-19th March
Background briefing
- Baiga means “medicine man.” Baiga people are known for their distinctive tattoos, and for their very close
relationship to their environment.
- Tribal people were evicted from Similipal tiger reserve in 2013, and were soon after found living in dire conditions
under plastic sheets.
- Many Baiga were evicted from the nearby Kanha tiger reserve in 2014. They received no land, houses, or support but
were supposed to find land to buy with their compensation money, an alien concept for those who’d lived all their lives
in the forest. They told Survival: “We got some money, but we are lost – wandering in search of land. Here there is only
sadness. We need the jungle.”
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