Sri Lanka: Shifting the Burden of Proof On the People
The killings at Rathupaswela, Weliweriya have brought into sharp focus the crisis of the rule of law in Sri Lanka. The
burden of proving the allegation of being killed or otherwise seriously injured by the actions of the military has now
been shifted to the people. Meanwhile the people live in fear of reprisals due to being witnesses to these assaults by
the military.
It is one of the basic principles that all crimes are crimes against the state. Whether these are crimes by civilians
against civilians or state agents such as the police or military against civilians the burden of investigating and
prosecuting the offenders lies with the state.
When the allegation is that the offenders are state agents then there is a greater burden on the state to have the
allegations properly investigated and to bring the culprits before the courts as soon as possible. Regarding this basic
obligation Sri Lanka seems to be the exception. The people themselves are left to prove the crimes committed by the
state agents and at the same time they are being harassed and intimidated.
When the allegation is that the state agents engaged in killings and other crimes the state has its own agencies to
investigate these matters. The methodologies of such investigations are well prescribed in both the military and police
manuals.
Evidence of crimes committed in a military operation can easily be traced by following the prescribed procedures. Those
who led the operation know what it was supposed to be about and the rules under which those who participated in the
operation had to act. If there were violations it is the duty of those who led the operation to state what the
violations were and thereafter to inquire from those who participated in the operation as to how these violations
occurred.
It is one of the expectations from those who are state agents that they will reveal to their superiors whatever took
place. If even this is not possible the very nature of the relationship between the state and those who conducted the
operation and those who participated in it comes into question.
If the state cannot ensure that degree of discipline then it is the government leadership that must hold itself
responsible to ensure that the state agents carry out their obligations.
However, what the above cartoon shows is that everything has been turned on its head in Sri Lanka and the people who
were victimised are also being pushed to be their own investigators and the prosecutors of their cause.
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About AHRC: The Asian Human Rights Commission is a regional non-governmental organisation that monitors human rights in Asia,
documents violations and advocates for justice and institutional reform to ensure the protection and promotion of these
rights. The Hong Kong-based group was founded in 1984.
ENDS