Democratic Republic of Congo World’s Toughest Place to Be a Mother
The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) is the toughest place in the world to be a mother – while Finland is the best
– according to Save the Children’s State of the World’s Mothers report for 2013.
The Nordic countries sweep the top spots while, for the first time, countries in sub-Saharan Africa take up each of the
bottom ten places in the annual index.
The Mothers’ Index, contained in the report, is a unique ranking of 176 countries around the globe, showing those that
are succeeding – and those failing – in their support of mothers. It assesses mothers’ well-being using indicators of
maternal health, child mortality, education and levels of women’s income and political status.
The startling disparities between mothers in the developed and developing world are summed up around maternal risk. A
female in the Democratic Republic of the Congo has a one in 30 chance of dying from maternal causes – including
childbirth – but in Finland the risk is one in 12,200. In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, which performs poorly
across all indicators, girls are likely to be educated for eight and half years compared to Finland where girls can
expect to receive over sixteen years of education.
Heather Hayden, chief executive of Save the Children New Zealand said: “By investing in mothers and children, nations
are investing in their future prosperity. If women are educated, are represented politically, and have access to good
quality maternal and childcare, then they and their children are much more likely to survive and thrive – and so are the
societies they live in. Huge progress has been made across the developing world, but much more can be done to save and
improve the lives of millions of the poorest mothers and newborns.”
The Mothers’ Index reveals the United States ranks 30th, behind countries with much lower incomes, such as Lithuania or
Slovenia, owing to weaker performance on measures of maternal health and child-wellbeing: in the US, a girl is ten times
more likely to die of a maternal cause than a girl Singapore. Singapore itself is ranked 15th, above countries such as
Canada (22nd) and the UK (23rd). But the report shows how all countries need to improve the education and healthcare of
disadvantaged mothers.
The Birth Day Risk Index, also contained in the report, compares first-day death rates for babies in 186 countries. One
million babies die each year on the day they enter the world – or two every minute – making the first day by far the
riskiest day of a person’s life in almost every country in the world.
This is despite the low-cost interventions that are available to tackle the high rate of baby deaths on the first day of
life. Sub-Saharan Africa remains by far the most dangerous region to be born – with the deaths of newborns actually
increasing there in the past few decades. There, babies are more than seven times as likely to die on the day they are
born as babies born in industrialised countries. A baby in Somalia, the most dangerous country, is 40 times more likely
to die on its first day than a child born in Luxembourg, the safest.
Throughout sub-Saharan Africa, the poor health of mothers, where between 10 – 20 per cent are underweight, contributes
to high rates of death for babies, as does the relatively high number of young mothers who give birth before their
bodies have matured. Other factors are low use of contraception, poor access to decent healthcare when pregnant and a
severe shortage of health-workers.
In East Asia and the Pacific, progress has been made and the number of new-born deaths is declining. In South Asia,
Bangladesh and Nepal have made significant progress in reducing newborn deaths, but in other countries including India,
Afghanistan and Pakistan, child marriage and poor nutritional status of mothers are factors in the region’s stubbornly
high levels of newborn deaths.
In the industrialised world, the United States has the highest first-day death rate. The US has approximately 50 per
cent more first-day deaths than all other industrialised countries combined, due, in part, to higher premature birth
rates.
In the report Save the Children calls on world leaders to:
• strengthen health systems so mothers have greater access to skilled birth attendants. They can provide lifesaving
interventions to all mothers and children, in addition to providing more funding for maternal, newborn and child health
programmes. More should be invested in frontline healthcare workers and community health workers to reach the most
vulnerable mothers and babies.
• fight the underlying causes of newborn mortality, especially gender inequality and malnutrition. Helping mothers
become strong and stable – physically, financially and socially – make their children stronger and more likely to
survive and thrive.
• invest in low-cost solutions that can dramatically reduce newborn mortality. Proper cord care and newborn/paediatric
doses of antibiotics can prevent and treat simple but deadly infections. Exclusive breastfeeding and skin-to-skin
contact (known as “kangaroo mother care”) should be encouraged. Such practices cost very little but can save hundreds of
thousands of babies’ lives each year. Additionally, birth attendants should be trained and given proper support and
supplies.
ENDS