Durban, South Africa, 6 December 2011 – The first policy framework outlining activities needed to include coastal marine areas such as mangroves, tidal marshes
and seagrasses into the work of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), has been presented
in a report by IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) and Conservation International (CI), two of the
leading members of the Blue Carbon Initiative.
The report, “Blue Carbon Policy Framework”, outlines opportunities for including the conservation of coastal areas in the climate change policies and financing
processes currently being negotiated in Durban. The study also highlights the need for the Convention on Biological
Diversity, the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands and the voluntary carbon market to take coastal marine ecosystems into
account.
“The oceans and marine biodiversity are crucial in regulating the global climate”, says Carl Gustaf Lundin, Director of IUCN’s Global Marine and Polar Programme. “Oceans absorb 93.4% of the heat produced by climate change as well as one third of human-induced carbon dioxide. Coastal
areas also have an exceptional capacity to store carbon. But currently natural solutions that the marine world offers to
climate change challenges are rarely taken into account in international climate change policy.”
The UNFCCC and the mechanism known as REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation, fostering
conservation, sustainable management of forests, and enhancement of forest carbon stocks), support the conservation and
restoration of terrestrial forests as a way to reduce the effects of climate change. But the importance of coastal
carbon sinks, such as mangroves, tidal marshes and seagrasses, is not yet fully recognized by the Convention.
Although coastal ecosystems cover only one to two percent of the area covered by forests globally, improving their
management can supplement efforts to reduce emissions from tropical forest degradation. A square kilometer of a coastal
ecosystem can store up to five times more carbon than a square kilometer of mature tropical forests. But currently these
areas are being destroyed three to four times faster than forests, releasing substantial amounts of carbon dioxide into
the atmosphere and the ocean, and contributing to climate change.
“We think this recognition is critical,” explains report co-author Dr. Emily Pidgeon, Conservation International’s Senior Director of Marine Strategic Initiatives and a leading Blue Carbon conservation scientist. “The management of carbon in coastal systems can already be included in a number of UNFCCC and REDD+ components. This
plan was produced to help detail what we see as key next steps in terms of a full integration of blue carbon into
existing initiatives.”
“We now have scientific evidence that conserving mangroves, tidal marshes, seagrasses and other blue carbon habitats is a
very precious tool in our fight against climate change,” says Pierre-Yves Cousteau, IUCN’s Goodwill Ambassador and founder of Cousteau Divers, a non-profit organization dedicated to the protection of the marine world. “These muddy coastal areas also help us adapt to the changing climate. They protect local communities from storms and
regulate the quality of coastal water. Increased recognition of their importance among the climate change community will
hopefully improve the way they’re managed and conserved”
“We need to convince the broader policy community that blue carbon has a strong scientific basis and that it should be
taken into account as a valuable tool in our suite of global efforts to confront and adapt to the impacts of climate
change. We also need decision makers to understand that this tool requires adequate funding to maximize the many
benefits it provides to people,” adds Pidgeon.
View the report: http://data.iucn.org/dbtw-wpd/edocs/2011-058.pdf
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The five Policy objectives outlined by the Blue Carbon Policy Framework are:
• Integrate Blue Carbon activities fully into the international policy and financing processes of the UNFCCC as part of
mechanisms for climate change mitigation
• Integrate Blue Carbon activities fully into other carbon finance mechanisms such as the voluntary carbon market as a
mechanism for climate change mitigation
• Develop a network of Blue Carbon demonstration projects
• Integrate Blue Carbon into other international, regional and national frameworks and policies, including coastal and
marine frameworks and policies
• Facilitate the inclusion of the carbon value of coastal ecosystems in the accounting of ecosystem services
The Blue Carbon Initiative is the first integrated programme focused on mitigating climate change by conserving and restoring coastal marine
ecosystems globally. The initiative is lead by Conservation International (CI), the International Union for Conservation
of Nature (IUCN), and the Intergovernmental Oceanic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO, working with partners from national
governments, research institutions, NGOs, coastal communities, intergovernmental and international bodies and other
relevant stakeholders.
About IUCN
IUCN, International Union for Conservation of Nature, helps the world find pragmatic solutions to our most pressing
environment and development challenges. IUCN works on biodiversity, climate change, energy, human livelihoods and
greening the world economy by supporting scientific research, managing field projects all over the world, and bringing
governments, NGOs, the UN and companies together to develop policy, laws and best practice. IUCN is the world’s oldest
and largest global environmental organization, with more than 1,200 government and NGO members and almost 11,000
volunteer experts in some 160 countries. IUCN’s work is supported by over 1,000 staff in 45 offices and hundreds of
partners in public, NGO and private sectors around the world.. www.iucn.org ; IUCN on Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/iucn.org ; IUCN on Twitter: http://twitter.com/#!/IUCN/
About Conservation International
Conservation International (CI) — Building upon a strong foundation of science, partnership and field demonstration, CI
empowers societies to responsibly and sustainably care for nature, our global biodiversity, for the long term well-being
of people. Founded in 1987, CI has headquarters in the Washington, DC area, and nearly 900 employees working in more
than 30 countries on four continents, plus 1,000+ partners around the world. For more information, visit www.conservation.org , and follow us on Twitter: @ConservationOrg or Facebook: www.facebook.com/conservation.intl
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