Cablegate: Jiang Zemin Visits Vietnam: Friendship

This record is a partial extract of the original cable. The full text of the original cable is not available.

151726Z Mar 02

2002HANOI00614 - UNCLASSIFIED

UNCLASSIFIED PTQ8441

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FM AMEMBASSY HANOI
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 5834
INFO AMCONSUL HO CHI MINH CITY
AMEMBASSY BEIJING
AMCONSUL GUANGZHOU
AMCONSUL SHANGHAI
AMCONSUL SHENYANG
AMCONSUL CHENGDU
AMCONSUL HONG KONG
AIT TAIPEI 0683
USCINCPAC HONOLULU HI
NSC WASHDC
ASEAN COLLECTIVE
SECDEF WASHDC//ISA/ABLAGG//

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STATE FOR EAP/BCLTV, EAP/CM

E.O. 12958: N/A
TAGS: PREL PINR CH TW VM CTERR CVR
SUBJECT: JIANG ZEMIN VISITS VIETNAM: FRIENDSHIP
-- "REAFFIRMED"

REF: BEIJING 1958

1. (SBU) SUMMARY. CHINESE HEAD OF STATE AND PARTY JIANG
ZEMIN VISITED VIETNAM FEBRUARY 27 TO MARCH 1 IN HIS FIRST
FOREIGN TRIP OF THE YEAR AND HIS FIRST TO VIETNAM SINCE
1994. WHILE THERE WAS NO FORMAL JOINT COMMUNIQU FROM THE
VISIT, A GVN COMMUNIQU CONDEMNED TERRORISM WHILE ODDLY
OMITTING A REFERENCE TO "ONE CHINA." THE VISIT APPARENTLY
BROKE NO NEW GROUND BUT REAFFIRMED EARLIER AGREEMENTS,
INCLUDING THE LAND BORDER TREATY, TONKIN GULF AGREEMENT, AND
D
THE AGREEMENT ON FISHERIES COOPERATION. THERE ARE STILL
"SIGNIFICANT ISSUES" CONCERNING THE GULF OF TONKIN AND
FISHERIES AGREEMENTS. WORKING-LEVEL INTER-MINISTERIAL
MEETINGS TO RESOLVE THESE ISSUES "WILL CONTINUE." THE MFA
DISMISSED REPORTS OF DISSENT OVER THE LAND BORDER AS
"OVERBLOWN." END SUMMARY.

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FRIENDLY TALKS
--------------

2. (SBU) ACCORDING TO PRESS REPORTS AND PRC EMBASSY FIRST
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SECRETARY XI HUI, THE TRIP WAS A "GREAT SUCCESS." MFA CHINA

SIPDIS
DESK DIRECTOR TRAN DUY HAI SEPARATELY TOLD POLOFF THAT
PRESIDENT JIANG HAD "FRIENDLY MEETINGS" WITH "ALL THE TOP
LEADERSHIP," INCLUDING CPV GENERAL SECRETARY NONG DUC MANH,
PRESIDENT TRAN DUC LUONG, PRIME MINISTER PHAM VAN KHAI, AND
CHAIRMAN OF THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY NGUYEN VAN AN. IN
ADDITION, HE ALSO MET WITH FORMER GENERAL SECRETARIES OF THE
CPV CENTRAL COMMITTEE DO MUOI AND LE KHA PHIEU. HAI SAID
THE MEETINGS WITH THE FORMER GENERAL SECRETARIES WERE
ESSENTIALLY "COURTESY CALLS," SINCE JIANG HAD WORKED WITH
THEM CLOSELY DURING THEIR TENURES AND WANTED TO "PAY HIS
RESPECTS." PRC EMBOFF XI SAID THAT THE VISIT HAD
"REAFFIRMED THE STRONG BILATERAL RELATIONSHIP." ACCORDING
TO XI, JIANG FOUND RELATIONS "MUCH BETTER" THAN ON HIS
PREVIOUS VISIT IN 1994. DEPUTY MILITARY ATTACHE LIEUTENANT
COLONEL ZHEN ZHONG XING OF THE PRC EMBASSY, WHO ACCOMPANIED
JIANG DURING MOST OF THE VISIT, CLAIMED THAT JIANG HAD BEEN
"GRATIFIED" BY WARM RECEPTION OF THE GVN'S LEADERS AND THE
PEOPLE.

--------------------------------------------- ---------
NO JOINT COMMUNIQUE AND NO MENTION OF ONE CHINA POLICY
--------------------------------------------- ---------

3. (SBU) IN CONTRAST TO THE JOINT DECLARATION THE TWO
SIDES ISSUED AFTER GENERAL SECRETARY MANH'S NOVEMBER 2001
VISIT TO THE PRC, THIS TIME THERE WAS ONLY A SINGLE
COMMUNIQU ISSUED BY VIETNAM'S MFA. ACCORDING TO PRC EMBOFF
XI, THE LEADERS HAD AGREED THERE WAS NO NEED FOR ANOTHER
JOINT DECLARATION SO SOON AFTER THE MANH VISIT. THE
INSTITUTE OF CHINA STUDIES' DR. NGUYEN HUY QUY SUGGESTED
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THAT, SINCE VIETNAM HOSTED THE VISIT, IT WAS APPROPRIATE FOR
THE HOST MFA TO ISSUE THE COMMUNIQU.

4. (SBU) THE MFA COMMUNIQU FAILED TO REAFFIRM VIETNAM'S
ONE CHINA POLICY, NOR WAS VIETNAM'S POSITION ON ONE CHINA
DESCRIBED IN MEDIA ACCOUNTS OF THE VISIT. ROBERT HSIEH BOR-
HUEI OF THE TAIPEI ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL OFFICE (TECO) SAID
THAT FROM TAIWAN'S PERSPECTIVE, THIS WAS "POSITIVE." PRC
EMBOFF XI SAID THAT CHINA "KNOWS" THE GVN SUPPORTS THE ONE
CHINA POLICY AND IS SATISFIED WITH VIETNAM'S "NORMAL
ECONOMIC RELATIONS" WITH TAIWAN. DR. QUY STATED THAT THE
ONE CHINA POLICY HAS BEEN REAFFIRMED "MANY TIMES" IN THE
PAST. HE ALSO NOTED THAT VIETNAM HAD NOT WISHED TO HAVE THE
ONE CHINA POLICY CITED IN THE JOINT COMMUNIQU FOLLOWING
NONG DUC MANH'S VISIT BUT THAT THE PRC "STRONGLY REQUESTED"
THAT IT BE INCLUDED. SINCE THE CHINESE DID NOT REQUEST IT
THIS TIME, VIETNAM WAS ABLE TO OMIT IT. THIS ALLOWED
ED
VIETNAM TO "BE NICE" TO TAIWAN WITHOUT CONFRONTING THE PRC,
HE CLAIMED. THE MFA'S HAI SEPARATELY AFFIRMED THAT THE
ISSUE OF TAIWAN DID NOT EVEN COME UP DURING THE VISIT.

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TERRORISM CONDEMNED

UNCLASSIFIED

UNCLASSIFIED PTO0094

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INFO LOG-00 NP-00 AIT-03 ACQ-00 CIAE-00 C-00 USNW-00
DINT-00 DOEE-00 DOTE-00 SRPP-00 DS-00 EB-00 FAAE-00
FBIE-00 UTED-00 VC-00 H-01 TEDE-00 INR-00 L-00
VCE-00 MOFM-05 MOF-01 AC-01 DCP-01 NSAE-00 OMB-01
PA-00 PC-01 PM-00 PRS-00 ACE-00 P-00 SP-00
SS-00 TEST-00 TRSE-00 T-00 USIE-00 EPAE-00 ECA-00
PMB-00 DSCC-00 DRL-02 G-00 NFAT-00 SAS-00 /016W
------------------7572B9 151754Z /38
R 151726Z MAR 02
FM AMEMBASSY HANOI
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 5835
INFO AMCONSUL HO CHI MINH CITY
AMEMBASSY BEIJING
AMCONSUL GUANGZHOU
AMCONSUL SHANGHAI
AMCONSUL SHENYANG
AMCONSUL CHENGDU
AMCONSUL HONG KONG
AIT TAIPEI 0684
USCINCPAC HONOLULU HI
NSC WASHDC
ASEAN COLLECTIVE
SECDEF WASHDC//ISA/ABLAGG//

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5. (SBU) THE GVN'S COMMUNIQU CONDEMNED "ALL FORMS OF
TERRORISM" AND PLEDGED TO COOPERATE WITH THE INTERNATIONAL
COMMUNITY IN ANTITERRORISM ACTIVITIES "ON THE BASIS OF THE
UN CHARTER AND THE FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF INTERNATIONAL
LAW." ACCORDING TO THE MFA'S HAI, BOTH SIDES ALSO PLEDGED
TO CONTRIBUTE TO INTERNATIONAL EFFORTS TO AID THE PEOPLE OF
AFGHANISTAN. THE INSTITUTE OF CHINA STUDIES' DR. QUY TOLD
POLOFF THAT THESE STATEMENTS WERE CONSISTENT WITH PREVIOUS
DECLARATIONS CONDEMNING TERRORISM, ESPECIALLY THE EMPHASIS
ON THE NEED TO "WORK WITHIN AN INTERNATIONAL FRAMEWORK."
DR. QUY ADDED THAT VIETNAM HAD CONSISTENTLY SHOWN CONCERN
FOR THE FATE OF INNOCENT CIVILIANS IN CONFLICT SITUATIONS.
THIS IS PROBABLY A "LEGACY OF THE AMERICAN WAR," HE OPINED.

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REASONS FOR THE VISIT
---------------------

6. (SBU) DR. QUY SAID THE LEADERS DID NOT BREAK NEW GROUND
ON THIS VISIT; RATHER THEY FOCUSED ON "REAFFIRMING" PREVIOUS
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AGREEMENTS AND DECLARATIONS. HE SUGGESTED SEVERAL REASONS
FOR THE VISIT AT THIS TIME:
-- TO RECIPROCATE NONG DUC MANH'S NOVEMBER VISIT AND
CONTINUE THE SERIES OF HIGH-LEVEL VISITS;
-- TO CONTINUE THE FOCUS ON INCREASING BILATERAL ECONOMIC
ACTIVITY. THE MFA'S HAI POINTED OUT THAT TRADE IN 2001
REACHED CLOSE TO USD 2.8 BILLION AND THE GOAL IS TO REACH
USD 3.5 BILLION THIS YEAR AND USD 5 BILLION BY 2005; AND,
--TO "REAFFIRM" BOTH COUNTRIES' DETERMINATION TO "CONTINUE
TO RESOLVE REMAINING ISSUES" ON PREVIOUSLY-SIGNED
AGREEMENTS, SUCH AS THE LAND BORDER TREATY, TONKIN GULF
AGREEMENT, AND THE AGREEMENT ON FISHERIES COOPERATION.

7. (SBU) SINGAPORE EMBASSY'S FIRST SECRETARY DARRYL LAU
KAI MUN TOLD POLOFF THERE ARE STILL "SIGNIFICANT ISSUES"
CONCERNING THE GULF OF TONKIN AND FISHERIES AGREEMENTS.
THESE CENTER AROUND MARITIME DEMARCATION AND THE NUMBER AND
SIZE OF FISHING VESSELS ALLOWED IN THE COMMON GROUND.
COLONEL TRAN NHUNG, DIRECTOR OF THE INTERNATIONAL DEPARTMENT
FOR "PEOPLES' ARMY" NEWSPAPER, SAID THAT THE "LARGE NUMBER"
OF FISHING VESSELS CHINA WANTS TO HAVE IN THE "OVERLAPPING"
AREAS IS "UNACCEPTABLE" TO VIETNAM. PRC EMBOFF XI SAID
WORKING-LEVEL INTER-MINISTERIAL MEETINGS TO RESOLVE THESE
ISSUES "WILL CONTINUE."

8. (SBU) PRC EMBOFF XI SAID THAT THAT THE TWO SIDES HAD
SIGNED TWO DOCUMENTS DURING THE VISIT. ONE WAS A NON-
REPAYABLE LOAN OF ABOUT USD 6.2 MILLION. THE OTHER WAS A
FRAMEWORK TO PROVIDE A PREFERENTIAL LOAN FOR TECHNICAL
ASSISTANCE FOR THE SAME AMOUNT. ONE SPECIFIC USE OF THE
LOANS IS TO SUPPORT BILATERAL YOUTH EXCHANGES. PRC EMBOFF
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XI WAS UNABLE TO PROVIDE SPECIFICS REGARDING THE TECHNICAL
ASSISTANCE ASPECT. DR. QUY SAID THESE LOANS WOULD BE
VALUABLE FOR VIETNAM AND THAT INCREASING ECONOMIC
COOPERATION WILL "INEVITABLY" LEAD TO FURTHER POLITICAL
COOPERATION.

9. (SBU) BOTH DR. QUY AND XI HUI POINTED TO THE VISIT'S
FOCUS TOWARDS YOUTH. ASIDE FROM THE YOUTH EXCHANGE SUPPORT,
DURING THE VISIT JIANG ALSO ADDRESSED STUDENTS AT THE HANOI
NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, WHERE HE URGED YOUNG PEOPLE TO "TAKE
OVER THE BATON" OF FRIENDSHIP BETWEEN THE TWO COUNTRIES AND
"FURTHER THE CAUSE OF PEACE" IN ASIA AND THE WORLD.

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VISIT NOT A SURPRISE
--------------------

10. (SBU) JIANG'S VISIT APPEARED WELL PLANNED AND INCLUDED
A LARGE ENTOURAGE, ACCORDING TO DR. QUY. PRC EMBOFF XI TOLD
POLOFF LAST DECEMBER THAT JIANG WAS EXPECTED TO VISIT DURING
2002. DR. QUY VIEWED THE VISIT AS PART OF THE PATTERN OF
REGULAR, SENIOR-LEVEL BILATERAL VISITS. DR. QUY SUGGESTED
THAT SINCE JIANG WILL SOON BE RETIRING, THIS VISIT COULD
ALSO HAVE BEEN A "FAREWELL" TO THE PRESENT VIETNAMESE

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INFO LOG-00 NP-00 AIT-03 ACQ-00 CIAE-00 C-00 DINT-00
DOEE-00 DOTE-00 SRPP-00 DS-00 EB-00 FAAE-00 FBIE-00
UTED-00 VC-00 H-01 TEDE-00 INR-00 L-00 VCE-00
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PC-01 PM-00 PRS-00 ACE-00 P-00 SP-00 SS-00
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------------------7572C7 151753Z /38
R 151726Z MAR 02
FM AMEMBASSY HANOI
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 5836
INFO AMCONSUL HO CHI MINH CITY
AMEMBASSY BEIJING
AMCONSUL GUANGZHOU
AMCONSUL SHANGHAI
AMCONSUL SHENYANG
AMCONSUL CHENGDU
AMCONSUL HONG KONG
AIT TAIPEI 0685
USCINCPAC HONOLULU HI
NSC WASHDC
ASEAN COLLECTIVE
SECDEF WASHDC//ISA/ABLAGG//

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LEADERS, SOME OF WHOM WILL CHANGE FOLLOWING THE MAY NATIONAL
ASSEMBLY ELECTIONS.

------------------------------------
DISSENT OVER LAND BORDER "OVERBLOWN"
------------------------------------

11. (SBU) THE MFA'S HAI SAID BOTH SIDES REAFFIRMED THE
COMMITMENT TO FINISH MARKING THE LAND BORDER "ON TIME."
WHEN ASKED ABOUT REPORTS THAT THERE ARE SOME GROUPS WHO
ACCUSE THE GVN OF GIVING AWAY TOO MUCH TO CHINA IN THE LAND
BORDER TREATY, HAI SAID THAT "OUTSIDE GROUPS" ARE THE SOURCE
FOR THESE REPORTS, WHICH ARE "OVERBLOWN." IN DR. QUY'S
VIEW, DISSENT COULD BE DUE TO "LOCAL SENSITIVITIES," SINCE
SOME PEOPLE FOUND THEMSELVES ON THE "WRONG SIDE" OF THE
BORDER. DR. QUY SAID THAT WHILE THE LAND BORDER ISSUE "IS
SETTLED," IT IS NECESSARY TO "STABILIZE" THE POPULATION BY
PROVIDING ALTERNATIVE LAND FOR DISPLACED FAMILIES. HE SAID
IT WAS ALSO IMPORTANT TO (1) FINISH THE BORDER DEMARCATION
"AS SOON AS POSSIBLE" AND (2) EDUCATE PEOPLE "BETTER TO
UNDERSTAND" THE BORDER ARRANGEMENTS.

UNCLASSIFIED

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----------------------------
CAM RANH BAY/SOUTH CHINA SEA
----------------------------

12. (SBU) SOURCES HERE WERE UNABLE TO CONFIRM THAT THE
LEADERS HAD DISCUSSED THE FUTURE OF CAM RANH BAY (AS NOTED
IN EMBASSY BEIJING'S EXCELLENT WRAP-UP OF THE VISIT -
REFTEL); THE ISSUE WAS NOT MENTIONED IN THE GVN COMMUNIQU
OR PRESS ACCOUNTS. HOWEVER, TECO'S HSIEH SAID THAT IT
SEEMED UNLIKELY THAT THERE HAD BEEN ANY MEANINGFUL
DISCUSSIONS ON THIS SUBJECT. GIVEN CAM RANH BAY'S PROXIMITY
TO THE DISPUTED SPRATLY ISLAND CHAIN, VIETNAM "WILL NEVER"
GRANT CHINA ACCESS TO THE BASE, HE PREDICTED. THE TWO SIDES
DID REITERATE THEIR DESIRE FOR "PEACEFUL NEGOTIATIONS" TO
SETTLE OUTSTANDING SOUTH CHINA SEA ISSUES. WHILE PRC EMBOFF
XI SAID THE TWO SIDES "MADE SOME PROGRESS" ON THIS ISSUE,
SHE WAS UNABLE TO PROVIDE SPECIFICS.

----------------
PARTY DISCUSSION
----------------

13. (SBU) COLONEL NHUNG OF THE "PEOPLES ARMY" SAID THAT
JIANG HAD ALSO BRIEFED GVN LEADERS ABOUT THE UPCOMING 16TH
PARTY CONGRESS AND DISCUSSED SOME POTENTIAL MODIFICATIONS OF
PARTY PHILOSOPHY, SPECIFICALLY REGARDING THE NEED TO
"CONSIDER THE BASIC INTERESTS OF THE CHINESE PEOPLE" AND TO
EMPHASIZE THAT THE PARTY SHOULD ALSO KEEP IN MIND THAT IT
REPRESENTS "CHINESE CULTURE." ACCORDING TO COLONEL NHUNG,
THIS REPRESENTS SOME IDEOLOGICAL CHANGE FROM THE PARTY'S
PRIMARY FOCUS ON THE STRUGGLE OF THE WORKERS. COLONEL NHUNG
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OPINED THAT IT IS HIS SENSE THE CCP IS GRADUALLY CHANGING
ITS IDEOLOGICAL FOCUS AND JIANG WANTED TO CONVEY THIS
MESSAGE TO HIS COUNTERPARTS IN VIETNAM. HE NOTED THAT THE
LEADERSHIP IN THE CPV HAD "NOTICED" THIS, BECAUSE THEY PAY
"VERY CLOSE ATTENTION" TO WHATEVER GOES ON IN CHINA.
COLONEL NHUNG SAID THAT THE CPV LEADERSHIP HAD FORMED "FOCUS
GROUPS" TO STUDY THESE CHANGES AND TO JUDGE WHAT EXTENT THEY
COULD APPLY TO VIETNAM. THE LEADERSHIP IN VIETNAM WILL TAKE
A "CAUTIOUS APPROACH," HE PREDICTED.

-------
COMMENT
-------

14. (SBU) THE JIANG VISIT APPEARS TO HAVE SERVED ITS BASIC
PURPOSE OF REAFFIRMING THE INCREASINGLY STRONG BILATERAL
RELATIONSHIP, ALTHOUGH WE AGREE WITH EMBASSY BEIJING THAT
THE VISIT WAS MORE ABOUT FORM THAN SUBSTANCE. WE ARE
PUZZLED THAT THE PRC DID NOT PUSH THE GVN FOR A FORMAL
REAFFIRMATION OF ITS "ONE CHINA" POLICY, HOWEVER. IN ANY
EVENT, THE WARMTH OF JIANG'S RECEPTION HERE AND THE HIGH
PROFILE COVERAGE IT RECEIVED IN THE LOCAL MEDIA ARE ACCURATE
INDICATORS OF THE IMPRESSIVE PROGRESS IN BILATERAL TIES THAT
THE TWO SIDES HAVE MADE OVER THE PAST DECADE.

UNCLASSIFIED

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INFO LOG-00 NP-00 AIT-03 ACQ-00 CIAE-00 C-00 DINT-00
DOEE-00 DOTE-00 SRPP-00 DS-00 EB-00 FAAE-00 FBIE-00
UTED-00 VC-00 H-01 TEDE-00 INR-00 L-00 VCE-00
MOFM-05 MOF-01 AC-01 DCP-01 NSAE-00 OMB-01 PA-00
PC-01 PM-00 PRS-00 ACE-00 P-00 SP-00 SS-00
TEST-00 TRSE-00 T-00 USIE-00 PMB-00 DSCC-00 DRL-02
G-00 NFAT-00 SAS-00 /016W
------------------7572C9 151753Z /38
R 151726Z MAR 02
FM AMEMBASSY HANOI
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 5837
INFO AMCONSUL HO CHI MINH CITY
AMEMBASSY BEIJING
AMCONSUL GUANGZHOU
AMCONSUL SHANGHAI
AMCONSUL SHENYANG
AMCONSUL CHENGDU
AMCONSUL HONG KONG
AIT TAIPEI 0686
USCINCPAC HONOLULU HI
NSC WASHDC
ASEAN COLLECTIVE
SECDEF WASHDC//ISA/ABLAGG//

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STATE FOR EAP/BCLTV, EAP/CM

-- "REAFFIRMED"

BURGHARDT

UNCLASSIFIED

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