Flockmate – this pair of whio matched. Photo credit L.Heyder - Isaac Conservation and Wildlife Trust.
Media release
13 July 2017
Whio release on Styx and Arahura Rivers
Tomorrow seven whio (blue duck) will be released onto the upper Styx and upper Arahura Rivers near Hokitika after nearly
a year of whio wooing.
These blue ducks are the unsuccessful ‘flock mate’ applicants who were in a program to establish breeding pairs of South
Island whio for what could be described as the ‘whio bachelor’.
The whio captive breed for release programme is currently setting up the South Island programme. A number of North
Island breeding pairs around the country have been breeding for release for 17 years.
But creating breeding pairs involves a sort of dating process inside a large aviary through the flock mating process.
West Coast whio ranger Antje Wahlberg says the whio pairs have actually been bred from eggs collected from the Central
Southern Alps whio security site located in the backcountry behind Hokitika.
The eggs are hatched and reared by the Isaac Conservation and Wildlife Trust (ICWT) at Peacock Springs in Christchurch,
and the juveniles are usually returned to the wild the following autumn. The Isaac Conservation and Wildlife Trust
operates the largest whio breeding facility in New Zealand and has been breeding whio for release for close to two
decades.
“This ensures wild eggs survive incubation and the duckling stage, because in the wild many are lost to predation by
stoats. However, collecting wild eggs can be a time consuming and costly method, so establishing South Island captive
breeding pairs will help the programme,” she says.
About a dozen whio from last season’s egg lift programme were not released as juveniles at the start of the year. They
were held back to go through the flock mate (courting) process to establish the breeding pairs.
“It’s quite a process and involves filming the whio in captivity with infra-red cameras, as the young whio hang out
together and the females choose their mate, with most of the action happening at night.
The staff at the Isaac Conservation and Wildlife Trust viewed hours of video footage to see which whio bachelorette
picked which whio bachelors!
The seven birds to be released tomorrow, did not ‘receive a rose’ in the flock-mating game and did not pair up, but
hopefully will find their partner in the wild.
All offspring from the new breeding pairs will be released back into the wild to boost the population of the security
site to reach the target of 50 pairs.
Genesis Energy and the Department of Conservation have partnered together to secure the future of this unique vulnerable native bird. Operating under the name of Whio
Forever this partnership is fast tracking implementation of the national Whio Recovery Plan to protect whio and increase
public awareness.
Ends
Background Information on whio
The whio is a threatened species of native duck that is only found in New Zealand’s fast flowing waters. Featured on New
Zealand’s $10 note and with an estimated nationwide population of less than 2500 birds, whio are rarer than kiwi.
Whio are adapted to live on fast-flowing rivers so finding whio means you will also find clean, fast-flowing water with
a good supply of underwater insects.
This makes whio important indicators of ecosystem health – they only exist where there is high quality clean and healthy
waterways.
WHIO FOREVER
Genesis Energy has a strong historic association with whio through the Tongariro Power Scheme and in 2010 this
association grew through the establishment of Whio Awareness Month (March).
Today, Genesis Energy and the Department of Conservation (DOC) continue their partnership through the Whio Forever
Programme, which aims to secure the future of whio in the wild and ensure New Zealanders understand and value of whio in
our rivers.
The support of Genesis Energy and the work of DOC has enabled the Whio Recovery Plan to be implemented.
CONSERVATION ISSUE
The whio are eaten by stoats, ferrets and cats, with the largest impact during nesting time when eggs, young and females
are vulnerable, and also when females are in moult and can’t fly.
Extensive trapping can manage these predators and work in key whio habitats by DOC and Genesis Energy on the Whio
Forever Project has already seen an increase in whio numbers.
Whio cannot be moved to predator-free islands like other species because of their reliance on large fast-flowing rivers.
Pairs occupy approximately 1km of water – so they need a lot of river to sustain a large population and they fiercely
defend their territories, which makes it difficult to put them with other ducks in captivity.
They are susceptible to flood events which, destroy nests, fragment broods and wash away their valued food source.