Experts are calling for the introduction of mandatory safety standards for the trampoline industry as new ACC figures
show more than 58,000 claims resulting from trampoline use over the past five years.
According to the ACC data, more than 1000 accidents requiring medical attention occur every month in New Zealand.
Children and teenagers are most at risk with more than three quarters (78%) of injuries occurring amongst those aged 14
or below.
The number of head injuries has increased 289% from 2013/14 to 2017/18 while neck injuries are up 33% and, lumbar and
thoracic injuries are 29% higher. The annual cost of treatment for the New Zealand taxpayer has also increased by from
$4.2m to $8.9m - with the average cost per patient growing from $443 to $683 over the last five years.
While many injuries covered by ACC are treated by GPs, more serious injuries require hospitalisation with data from
Starship Hospital showing falls are the leading cause of trampoline-related admissions (70%); with injuries including
neck, head and limb fractures, lacerations, hematomas, soft tissue injuries, internal organ injuries, fractures,
dislocations, and concussions[3],[4].
Professor Keith Alexander from the University of Canterbury, who also sits on the Trampoline Standards Committee in the
US and has contributed to the Australian standard, says there have been no official standards in this market for the
past four years.
He says many consumers may be given the impression that trampolines purchased from their local retailer meet
international standards as some carry confusing labelling which refers to a universal ‘manufacturing standard’, and does
not refer to a trampoline safety standard such as Australian ASTM F381 or AS4989.
“The original standards covering trampolines used in NZ were last updated in 1997 and in 2014 they were withdrawn with
some suggestion that they would be replaced by the Australian standards - however this has not happened.
“In their absence we have seen a flood of substandard imports enter the New Zealand market that are frankly, quite
hazardous for our children.
“There are three main preventable causes of injury on a trampoline: the steel components (frame and net poles), the
springs and the risk of falling off. They may also have pinch points, and head entrapment dangers.
“While most of the cheaper imports will have padding to cover springs and nets to prevent falling off, in most cases
these are simply cosmetic, do not comply with standards so will quickly deteriorate in the sun and fail under normal
use.
“Many nets fail from UV light within a few months and padding frequently comes off within the first year and is never
replaced. This leaves a comparatively dangerous product in the back yard.
“The injury figures from ACC suggest we urgently need to address this issue. My suggested approach would have two steps.
The first is the formal adoption of a recognised standard (such as AS4989).
“The second is to work with Government to make this standard mandatory. This would ensure that parents buying
trampolines in this country could be confident they have a safe trampoline for their children to use,” he says.
“We urgently need a review of this issue and the introduction of new mandatory standards which cover the sale of these
products in this country,” he says.
Professor Alexander, who specialises in mechanical engineering says while the standards are voluntary in US, the
potential for litigation in that country means the standards are generally well adhered to - which is a major difference
from the way our own market operates.
“Unfortunately voluntary standards for trampolines don’t work well here. Experience in both New Zealand and Australia
has shown that voluntary standards are simply ignored by most importers and retailers,
“New Zealand’s accident compensation system is completely different from a more litigious market like the US.
Consequently we need a different approach to ensuring compliance. This is why I would propose mandatory trampoline
standards for this country,” he says.
Consumer NZ head of testing Dr Paul Smith who tested many of the trampolines sold by retailers in New Zealand found that
all, with the exception of one model, failed basic safety testing based on the now-retired safety standard.
“We found a concerning lack of safety amongst the products we tested,
“Only the Springfree had no major safety failures. The other six either failed structural tests, didn’t protect the user
from impact on the frame or enclosure, or had dangerous head entrapment problems or pinch points,” he says.
Emergency medicine specialist Dr Vicki Vertongen agrees with Professor Alexander and says her own first hand experience
suggests more needs to be done to prevent children being injured unnecessarily.
“We are seeing a number of children in the Emergency Department who have fallen off trampolines without nets. They often
present with fractures, particularly of the arm and also head injuries - which can range from mild concussion to a more
significant head injury that requires hospitalisation,
“I would certainly be encouraging kids to be outside and active - it is a really important message. At the same time if
children are on trampolines I would definitely say make sure they have good safety nets, and make sure they are zipped
up as we have seen kids fall out through open doors.
“Parents also also need to ensure that any trampoline they purchase is of safe and sturdy design, and there is only one
person on the trampoline at a time,” says Dr Vertongen.
A study of patients hospitalised in Counties Manukau DHB with found the number of trampoline injuries increase by more
than a third (35%) in the spring/summer months following daylight saving. The study found that 44% of those hospitalised
required surgical intervention to treat a fracture and the most common injury was as a result of fall onto an
outstretched hand.[5]
The original Springfree Trampoline was invented by Professor Alexander and has received numerous international awards,
including Product of the Year Award in both the United States and Canada, for its unique design that eliminates about
90% of product-related trampoline injuries.
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