Red Squad Revisited: Reflections of Ross Meurant.
South Africa’s domestic policy was and is South Africa’s problem – in my view.
The Tour
I was seconded to Red Squad second in command from my position as Control Room supervisor – senior sergeant rank.
At the time, I was in my final year of a Bachelor degree at Auckland University, married with a young daughter. I had
played senior first division rugby until 1980 but I was not enamoured with the Tour as I had ‘moved on’ from rugby
culture and was certainly not enthusiastic about being taken for 3 months from my wife and child and university studies.
Red Squad comprised 51 personnel – including one female (constable Judy Olsen). The Squad prepared for the tour at
Papakura Military SAS training facility. Together with Blue Squad – a sister group from Wellington, we were trained in
‘new’ riot/protest strategies and primed to travel as personal escorts to the Springbok.
The second game of the Tour was at Hamilton. By this time police realised the protest movement was well organised.
C.I.S. (police spies) advised Red Squad commanders and other police commanders preparing for the encounter at Hamilton
rugby-park that the plan of the protestors was to break into the rugby ground from the north fence line. This was an
extension of the strategy applied by the protestors at the first game in Gisborne.
Hamilton brought a new dimension to cohesiveness among protest groups that alarmed police because of the size of its
mass. Red Squad recognised the threat early in the day and petitioned the scene commander to let Red Squad confront the
‘mob’ in the streets as the mob approached the ground. This request was denied and the rest is history.
By confronting a mob on the move, legal justification exists to use force to prevent a potential breach of the peace.
Police had good cause to suspect a breach of the peace would ensue – if protestors mixed with rugby supporters and this
concern did manifest later in the day when protesters were attacked by rugby supporters. However, once the mob was
ensconced on the rugby pitch sitting peacefully, then no legal justification existed for police to ‘sort them out’.
Video proves that police inside Hamilton rugby-park (where I was a commander) did not use any force other than to
attempt to physically lift and carry some of the hundreds of protestors from the ground in a vain attempt to allow the
game to start.
Once the protestors had entered the ground and then sat or stood passively, no justification at law existed for police
to move into them with batons and Red Squad did not do this.
Trying to carry protestors off the ground was futile and eventually the game was called off. However, when the crowds
were leaving the ground and intermingled with protestors who were still in the vicinity, breaches of the peace did ensue
with many protesters being assaulted – by rugby supporters – not by police.
The ‘defeat’ of police by the protestors at Hamilton Rugby Park did have an effect on most police and on me. Whereas
until that day I didn’t give a damn, that event galvanized me to demand an opportunity to restore one’s pride in an
outfit (the police) in which at that stage of my career I still had pride. And so, when Commissioner Walton said to the
nation after the event: “If I had had the entire police force at the ground I could not have done more,” I knew he was
talking a crock of crap.
At the time, I was secretary of Justice Minister Jim McLay’s Birkenhead electorate machine. I called McLay (*1) and told
him that if Red Squad had been let out of its cage under the grand stand at Hamilton and been given the freedom to
confront the protestors in the street before they broke into the ground unchallenged, Red Squad would have prevented
that debacle.
Prime Minister Muldoon was out of the country at the time but a few days later when Red Squad was in New Plymouth with
the Springbok and the media were reporting the Tour would not proceed, I received a phone call from Muldoon. (*2)
Muldoon had returned from abroad and he asked me to repeat what I had told McLay. I did. This was heady stuff for me
because here I was but a mid-rank cop and a junior volunteer in the National party and the Prime Minister calls me!
The Taranaki game went ahead with little fanfare but the next game at Palmerston North saw Red Squad confronted once
again by a large body of protestors. This time however Red Squad was deployed in the front line and met the protestors
miles from the rugby ground. It was also the first time that the riot gear and long batons we take for granted now in
New Zealand, was displayed in a manner that signalled; ‘New Rules’.
Significant also, as the protestors loomed toward the red line, Commission Walton appeared at my side and said: “I don’t
care what you do senior but stop them.” (*3) And we did.
We did so at this venue by presenting Red Squad as a formidable force. This psychological ‘warfare’ obviated the need
for Red Squad to resort to actual force. Presenting Red Squad as a formidable disciplined unit unflinching in face of
overwhelming odds had the effect of deterring most opponents.
Until the second test at Wellington, Red Squad was pretty much immune from the day to day petty street clashes. However,
all that changed in Rintoul Street, Wellington.
At this venue the protest movement had organised themselves into passive protest groups, nosey large numbers of
protesters and a third grouping of hard core protestors. Often this later grouping included gang members and which was
increasingly kitted out with hard hats (motorbike helmets) padded clothing, wooden shields and offensive weapons such as
baseball bats and incendiary devices.
In Wellington, the first time this ‘hard core’ worked as a unit – about 1000 in number – Red Squad was deployed to
confront them. The ensuing clash saw many protestors bloodied and beaten with PR 24 batons by the riot gear equipped Red
Squad.
The objective of Red Squad was, as was the case at all venues, to prevent protesters invading the rugby grounds where,
based on the experience of Hamilton, police could reasonably expect serious violence between the different groups.
At law, police have a duty of care to the public they serve and the state they protect, to prevent beaches of the peace
and they are authorised by law of the country passed in parliament, to use force to achieve their objective.
The second time Red Squad really rumbled was outside Eden Park, Auckland on the day of the last test. September 12, 1981 – a day of infamy in the view of many.
By this time the hard core of the protest movement had grown in size and determination and when they attempted to
approach Eden Park via the Eastern sector, Red Squad was waiting.
The violence which ensued was the most extreme the country had witnessed to that point of time in its history (with the
exception of Maori Wars campaigns) and nor has that level of violence been repeated since that day.
Justice
Did police overdo it?
The ‘Clowns Affair’ is some evidence that Red Squad did over react at some point. But on a day when my squad members
sustained broken legs, broken arms, broken collar bones, ruptured ear drums, broken pelvis in a fluid environment of
mass violence over 2 hours of back and forth along some 500 meters of roadway!?
When a minority sized squad of police facing overwhelming odds * of armed violent rock throwing baseball bat wielding
helmeted incendiary device throwing gang members rumbling for the fun of it with other protestors from the bent-on violence section of what was otherwise a peaceful protest movement happens, excesses on both sides were bound to happen.
*In Onslow Road outside Eden Park Section One of Red Squad of 21 personnel, confronted over 2000 hard core
protestors.
An inquisition into Red Squad’s conduct commenced after the Tour euphoria subsided and the mood of public support for
the Police actions during the Tour began to abate. Several police officers from other units were charged with various
levels of assault and violence. Red Squad never had any members charged.
This suggests that in spite of the best endeavours of the Inquisitors (internal police prosecution section), Red Squad
actions were compliant with the law. However, the demand for a Red Squad scalp was intense and on one occasion I was
implored by a member of the Police association (an organisation whose objective is to help police), to “Give the
commissioner one. All he needs is one!”
This incident remains vivid in my mind and due only to a mistake in downloading the recorded conversation I had in the
control room (where I took the phone call which conveyed the request for a scapegoat), I would today name the despicable
police officer * who was clearly seeking to ingratiate himself with the commissioner at the expense of Red Squad.
But the facts speak for themselves. No Red Squad members were charged with any crimes.
* For as with all accounts I publicise -whether related to my police or political career, if I don’t have
corroborating evidence, I let the matter lie.
Note:
There is a movie- “Breaker Morant” – based on fact – commanders of an Australian unit in South Africa during
the Boer War – following Commander- in- Chief Kitchener’s verbal instructions, “Take No Prisoners” – later find
themselves before a Court Martial for War Crimes - and were executed. After the Tour, Red Squad were not
‘executed’, but the Squad and personnel were intimidated, humiliated, treated unlawfully and persecuted. The
similarity between Red Squad and Breaker Morant’s squad – is not lost on me.
Politics
Politically significant perhaps is that in 1988 – seven years later when I was a Member of Parliament, Winston Peters
and I was having a whiskey with Muldoon one evening and was chatting about the Tour. It was then that Muldoon confirmed
what I thought at the point when Walton stood at my shoulder in Palmerston North, when Muldoon said: “I was very pleased
to receive your report from New Plymouth and as a result I told Bob (Walton) that if he didn’t stop the protestors next
time out, he would be out of a job.” (*4)
Today I look back and see the Tour as a blatant political ploy by Muldoon to divide the country (which the tour did)
pretty much down electorate boundaries of conservative versus liberal (which voted as Muldoon’s statisticians had
predicted) to give him a one majority to form his last government.
Personal
Yes, the tour had a profound effect on my life.
Initially I couldn’t give damn about the Tour. I had better things to than traipse around the country looking after
rugby players
But defeat of the police at Hamilton was a humiliation felt by the police and I was no exception. I wanted revenge.
Therefore, I wanted the Tour to continue so the police could redeem.
Because of the ‘praetorian guard’ image which grew around Red Squad – fostered in my view principally by its persistent
appearance in public as a highly disciplined unflinching unit, media created a myth that Red Squad was the epitome of
the violence which was occurring at most venues where police from other routine units were being confronted by isolated
pockets of excessive zeal by protesters and where violence erupted.
Following the Tour, I wrote the book: The Red Squad Story – which was the Best Seller in NZ for several months and also sold widely in South Africa. The book elevated my profile – to the extent that it
facilitated my entry into parliament as a National MP.
But the book also had a downside. Because I disobeyed an instruction from Commissioner Walton not to publish the book,
this had an adverse effect on my promotion to commissioned rank. I was due for promotion by examination, ratings and
additionally because I graduated with a university degree (being then one of only 5 per cent of the police officer corps
with a degree – as opposed to ninety-five per cent of the military officer corps at the time) – but by various ruses I
was denied promotion to inspector until Walton resigned in 1985.
Note:
This adverse relationship between Walton and me was first exposed during the Royal Commission of Enquiry into
the Arthur Allan Thomas convictions for murder, when I (having been a scene detective with a critical role in the
early stages of the Crewe investigation) refused to change my evidence from what I had said at previous
trails – when pressured to do so by Commissioner Walton to do so before I took the stand at the Royal
Commission). (*5)
As a result of the book I became the face of Red Squad and when elected to parliament my profile was elevated. It was
therefore, I who copped the vilification, odium and contempt which was being heaped upon Red Squad as the tide of public
opinion which during the tour split the nation 50/50 for/against, turned overwhelmingly to, opposed to the Tour.
These days, my business has taken me to intrepid fields: Lithuania, Russia, Western Sahara, Syria and North Korea and I
am Honorary Consul for Morocco. I was a Member of Parliament for 9 years where I was also involved in more than a fair
share of drama: e.g. the ‘Sale of Army surplus weapons to a foreign government’ scandal; being fired from The Executive
(under-secretary i.e. junior minister) because I took a position as a director on a Russian owned bank and after
parliament, the Scampi Affair (which falsely alleged corrupt conduct among Rt Hon Winston Peters, several fisheries oligarchs and myself).
But I am still more widely recognised as a police inspector and for Red Squad than these activities. Point is: Red Squad
made an impact.
My opinions on the Tour have varied with my exposure to events at the time and to knowledge gained subsequent to the
Tour. I refer you to an article written by me 2007: “Deep in the Forest” (*6) which explains the significant changes in how I view police today vis-a-viz how I viewed the police when I was
excessively infected with the virus of ‘police culture’.
Overall, I view my association with ‘that period’ as pretty much having been handed a poison chalice.
Why me? I have often asked, who was thrust into the lime light when I began life as a simple country boy from up north
often milking the cows as a kid when the old man was stuck in the pub.
A chalice which made me famous or infamous – depends on your point of view.
The vicissitude of life, one might say.
Bibliography:
(6): “Deep in the Forest”, Sunday Star Times, Oct 27, 2009 (available via my name and article @ goggle). http://www.converge.org.nz/pma/hr271007a.htm
(*1 -5) are all events previously in the public arena after I resigned from the police and which put Walton and me at
variance over the veracity of what I have said. But I was never sued and that is usually the case when one tells the
truth.