Taking the Long View
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Gord Stewart
Kiwi Bottle Drive sheds light on need for a container deposit scheme
The Kiwi Bottle Drive is up and running. It’s a campaign to bring back a Container Deposit Scheme (CDS) in New Zealand.
It would apply to beverage containers (glass and plastic bottles and aluminium cans), with a 10 cent deposit on purchase
and refunded when the container is returned for recycling.
Kiwi Bottle Drives are a great family affair and good learning experience for the whole community.
Community groups around the country will be running Kiwi Bottle Drives in the weeks to come to raise awareness about the
issue. Locals bringing in beverage containers will get a ‘refund’ just as they would in the proposed scheme. At the same
time, they’ll be encouraged to sign a petition calling for a national, legislated CDS. (It can also be signed online.)
Huge benefits await if such legislation were enacted. Current recycling rates for beverage containers in New Zealand are
less than 40 percent and possibly as low as 25 percent. Recycling rates would more than double with such a scheme. This
is significant as some 46,000 tonnes of beverage containers are currently discarded into the litter stream, waterways
and landfills each year.
The Incentive to Recycle, a report prepared by Envision New Zealand Limited in 2007 and updated in 2015, sets out a practical plan to implement
a CDS here based on best practice overseas.
A managing agency would be established by the beverage industry and other stakeholders to coordinate the flow of
materials and funds through the system. Local groups would set up convenient drop-off points – there’d be more than 200
around the country – where the public can receive funds for their containers.
More than 2,000 new jobs would be created, providing social and economic benefits to the communities where the drop-off
points are located.
City and district councils (and ratepayers!) would benefit through an estimated $26 to $40 million annual savings in
litter collection and waste disposal costs. At Local Government New Zealand’s last AGM a vote to endorse such a scheme
and requesting that the Government require industry to develop and implement it within two years was passed, with 90
percent of members in favour.
You’d think Central Government would embrace the CDS idea. It’s a market-based instrument, self-supporting once
established, and a job creator at no cost to Government. It would save ratepayers around the country money and go some
way to protecting the marine environment – a sound investment given the increasing importance of tourism to the economy
if for no other reason.
It’s also bound to be popular with the New Zealand public – not a bad thing in an election year. Overseas schemes
consistently show approval ratings above 90 percent.
But, nope, the National Government has steadfastly opposed such legislation since taking office in 2008, favouring
voluntary programmes over regulation.
The packaging and beverage industry lobby groups have exploited the voluntary regime with heavily promoted initiatives –
some funded by the Government, make that the taxpayer, via money received from the Waste Minimisation Fund. These
voluntary schemes have had virtually no impact on increasing recycling rates for beverage containers. Many public
recycling bins are so contaminated it all goes straight to landfill.
Independent recycling specialists say these initiatives have one main purpose: to ensure the industry is not legally
obligated to take responsibility for the whole lifecycle effects/costs of the products they put into the market. It’s
worth noting here that the cost of a mandatory CDS to the packaging and beverage industry – or to purchasers if they
passed on the cost – would be less than one cent per container.
The Government consistently rejects any proposal for regulation citing two reasons: the costs outweigh the benefits and
there’s not enough data. Both of these arguments have no basis in fact as noted briefly above. (See ‘More Info’ for a
link to The Incentive to Recycle report for the documented research.)
A legislated Container Deposit Scheme is in place in more than a dozen enlightened countries and, with them, recycling
rates of 85 to 98 percent are routinely achieved. It’s long past time New Zealand joined the party.
Gord Stewart is an environmental sustainability consultant. He does project work for government, industry, and
non-profit organisations.
More Info
Kiwi Bottle Drive – www.kiwibottledrive.nz for a list of planned local campaigns and the online petition form
The Incentive to Recycle report – www.cashforcontainers.co.nz , then go to ‘Research’
New Zealand Product Stewardship Council – www.nzpsc.nz for info on broader product stewardship issues and extended producer responsibility