Korea : Challenge and Response Rene Wadlow*
As the professor of economics Milton Friedman wrote “Only a crisis — actual or perceived —produces real change. When the crisis occurs, the actions that are taken depend on
the ideas that are lying around. That, I believe, is our basic function: to develop alternatives to existing policies,
and to keep them alive and available until the politically impossible becomes the politically inevitable.”
The current tension around the two Korean States, the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) and the Republic of
Korea (ROK) is such a crisis. For the moment, it is not clear that Governments are willing to take the diplomatic
measures necessary to reverse the tensions on the Korean Peninsula. However, the Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Lu
Kang said "Resolving this issue requires all relevant parties, especially parties that bear major responsibility and play a key
role in this issue, to work in the same direction and make a joint effort."
Thus it is important that non-governmental voices be raised and that their proposals are taken seriously.
Non-governmental organizations can present policy choices that can help to resolve the multidimensional Korean security
challenge. Therefore, the Association of World Citizens has proposed a two-track approach to the current Korean
tensions. In a message to the United Nations Secretary-General, Rene Wadlow, President of the Association of World
Citizens, stressed that a crisis can also be an opportunity for strong initiatives and action. The United Nations with
historic responsibility for Korea should take the lead in organizing an UN-sponsored Korean Peace Settlement Conference,
now that all the States which participated in the 1950-1953 Korean War are members of the UN.
Such a Peace Settlement Conference is of concern not only to Governments but is one in which the voices of civil society
are legitimate and should be heard. In the past, there have been a series of dangerous but ultimately resolvable crises
concerning the two Korean States. However, there are always dangers of miscalculations and unnecessary escalations of
threats. Past crises have led to partial measures of threat reduction.
Partial measures of cooperation between the two Korean States, the Six-Party talks on nuclear issues and a number of
Track II-civil society diplomatic efforts have shown the possibilities but also the limits of partial measures.
In the past decade, world attention has been focused on two Korean issues
1) how to resolve the nuclear weapons-ballistic missiles issues;
2) how to help the DPRK to become food secure and to overcome a sharp inadequacy in food production. The food
deficit points to broader structural obstacles, production and supply bottlenecks, and a generalized vulnerability of
the economy.
Northeast Asia’s highly sensitive interlocking security issues are of great significance to the future of the region
which includes China, Russia, Japan, the two Korean States and by extension the USA. Changing security perceptions and
policies, unresolved conflicts and grievances, and concerns about nuclear and missiles proliferation are all elements
that affect the stability of the region as a whole — and which also have global impacts.
In addition to the broadly based UN-led Korean Peace Settlement Conference, the Association of World Citizen Appeal to
the UN stressed the need for regional cooperation and confidence-building measures which would improve the daily life of
individuals and create the framework for greater future cooperation.
The Association of World Citizens highlighted that the Tumen River Development Project (TRADP), now often called the
Greater Tuman Initiative (GTI), is probably the best framework for rapid cooperative development. The planning for a
Tuman River economic zone at the mouth of the river had been drawn up in the early 1990s by the United Nations
Development Programme (UNDP)— a vast free economic zone which would involve parts of Mongolia, China, Russia and the two
Korean States as well as Japan as a logical regional development partner. However, development has fallen far short of
initial expectations for reasons both internal and external to the participating States.
As Milton Friedman pointed out, ideas can be dormant until a crisis occurs and then new steps must be taken. The
Association of World Citizens believes that the Tuman River economic zone is a real opportunity for cooperation among
the States for the benefit of the people of the area.
Citizens of the World call for speedy and creative action to meet the challenge of growing Korean tensions with a
response of cooperation and reconciliation.
* Rene Wadlow, President, Association of World Citizens