WHO to combat resistance to key malaria drug
Phnom Penh, 23 April 2013 – The World Health Organization (WHO) is to launch a vigorous response to the worrying
emergence of resistance to the antimalarial drug artemisinin in the Greater Mekong Subregion of South-East Asia.
Artemisinin is the frontline drug in the fight against malaria, and WHO says the emergence of resistance in Cambodia,
Myanmar, Thailand and Viet Nam poses a serious global health threat.
"We are taking the situation very seriously," says Dr Shin Young-soo, WHO Regional Director for the Western Pacific. "If
resistance to artemisinin emerges elsewhere—particularly in Africa, which has the world's greatest number of malaria
cases—the consequences for global health could be incalculable."
Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) are the most effective antimalarial treatments available today. They have
been central to recent successes in global malaria control. Artemisinin-based combination therapies combine
artemisinin—a traditional Chinese herbal drug—with another antimalarial drug. The artemisinin component kills the
majority of parasites at the start of the treatment, while the partner drug clears the remaining parasites.
In response to the threat to resistance, WHO is to launch its "Emergency Response to Artemisinin Resistance in the
Greater Mekong Subregion" (ERAR) —a strategic framework of support for the six countries of the Greater Mekong
Subregion. Apart from the four affected countries, the region also includes China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and
Yunnan province and the Lao People's Democratic Republic—both of them seen as potentially at risk of resistance to
artemisinin in a region that is highly inter-connected. The response will involve many partners working together across
the region to scale up efforts to contain resistance.
The framework will be launched in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, on 25 April, World Malaria Day. The launch will be accompanied
by the setting-up of a WHO regional hub in the Cambodian capital to provide coordination and support for the intensified
containment efforts set out in the framework.
Dr Shin says: "With the framework and the hub, we will have the pieces in place to provide the countries of the Greater
Mekong Subregion with the support they will need to take on the challenges posed by resistance. The task is to contain
resistance and then to eventually eliminate malaria from the region. For all this, we will need adequate financing."
Dr Shin calls for commitment at the highest level of government, and stressed that no country alone can tackle the
problem. "The key to success will be an approach that is truly regional," he says. "It will need to bring together not
only the governments of the Greater Mekong Subregion and beyond, but also the expertise and support that can be tapped
in pan-regional organizations, with support from our partners."
"The world is watching," Dr Shin says. "We cannot afford to fail."
ENDS