A Job For Every Graduate.
Dr Alistair Shaw is the Executive Director of the New Zealand Union of Students’ Associations. alistair.shaw@students.org.nz
On the eve of the launch of the latest Tertiary Education Strategy that proposes punishing tertiary institutions for the
employment outcomes of their graduates, it’s time for the government to step up and take responsibility for delivering
the jobs.
Last weekend, the Dominion Post published a story [http://www.stuff.co.nz/dominion-post/news/9110729/Graduates-frustrated-at-lack-of-jobs] about graduates finding it
difficult to get work. The article profiles four graduates (in nursing, photography, teaching and aviation) who have
been unable to find a job in their chosen profession.
The article suggests that New Zealand is clearly training too many students in careers with limited job prospects.
The Dominion Post asked whose responsibility it was:
• The Ministry of Education said it monitors supply and demand, but it isn't its job to regulate trainee numbers.
• Health Workforce New Zealand says it is "in regular contact with nurse training providers about planning for future
health workforce needs" and doesn't believe there's a surfeit of nursing graduates.
• Massey University Vice chancellor Steve Maharey makes the point that universities aren't, and shouldn't be, just job
factories. He noted that vocational course restrictions based on job opportunities would prevent people from learning
skills applicable to other jobs.
• Tertiary Education Minister Steven Joyce says the Government is working on more robust ways to report graduate
success. He acknowledges that successive governments have shied away from telling students what they can study, based on
job opportunities, except in the most expensive careers such as medicine and veterinary science.
The Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment has developed Occupation Outlook reports for 2013 that have been
designed to be a place for young people to look when making a decision on career options and, in particular, to
determine what their chances are of getting a job are once they have finished studying. Yet for the more than 40 key
occupations listed, there are only three that indicate likely income, fees and job prospects for young people entering
the occupation.
The Tertiary Education Union published a post [http://teu.ac.nz/2013/09/no-jobs-for-graduates/] on the article saying that the Dominion Post had identified a significant flaw in the government’s Tertiary Education Strategy. They wrote “the Minister seems to
bump along from anecdote to anecdote about where the short-term jobs might be, training students for his latest
favourite subject – trades, teaching, engineering, maths, aviation have all had their moment in the sun – rather than
investing in creating long-term job opportunities for graduates. There need to be jobs.”
The TEU is right, and the work that MBIE and the Tertiary Education Commission to require institutions to report on
employment outcomes is misplaced. The problem isn’t low quality qualifications leading to poor employment outcomes; it
is highly qualified graduates unable to find work in their chosen fields.
Tragically, this is most apparent in areas where the government is the major employer, that is, education (teaching) and
health (nurses and doctors).
Ministry of Education officials admit [http://www.stuff.co.nz/dominion-post/comment/editorials/7818295/Editorial-A-waste-of-trainee-teachers] that as many as
80% of current teacher graduates will not be able to find work in New Zealand over the next six years, and with class
size changes still hanging over the compulsory sector this is a crises for those who want to teach. Yet Colleges of
Education continue to recruit, and advertise their teaching qualifications. The Dean at the Waikato College of
Education, in a story [http://www.stuff.co.nz/waikato-times/news/8880819/Too-many-teachers-too-few-teaching-positions] highlighting that at
the end of 2012 its 660 graduates were competing for just 35 jobs in the region, said the government needed to make
providers limit enrolments as none were going to do it themselves.
That crisis has now spread to nursing, with a third of nursing graduates also headed for hibernation as they wait for
health needs of the aging population to kick in. They shouldn’t have to wait until they are themselves part of that
demographic. Many who qualify as registered nurses will instead be taking work as an enrolled nurse (who works under the
direction of an registered nurse, most often as a care-giver rather than a medical practitioner) that will not make use
of their skills and does not pay them sufficiently to pay back their loans. The one-third of unemployed nurse graduates
excludes those who are underemployed in this way.
District Health Boards have known for six years - the duration of a doctor’s degree - that the numbers qualifying from
New Zealand Medical Schools were to increase, yet there is no funding for placements for all those that the tax-payer
has invested more than $1,000,000 in. Yet 40% of doctors in our hospitals were trained someplace else. This is a waste
of resources at epic proportions.
So, while the government introduces measures to clamp down on (and even arrest) overseas based borrowers they seem to be
doing nothing to stop our best and brightest leaving New Zealand since they can’t find jobs. Surely any campaign to get
tough on debtors needs to be dwarfed by a much more important campaign to get tough on the causes of debt. There needs
to be a focus on the lack of proper jobs that enable graduates to pay back their loans, and simultaneously addressing
high fees and students borrowing to live that causes the debt in the first place.
Joyce has admitted he recognises the problem with debt for lower level qualifications by making them free – that’s fine,
these are at secondary-school level after all – but it’s about time he owned more of the responsibility for the
qualifications, and the jobs, that the overwhelming majority of New Zealand students are enrolled towards.
ENDS