New Zealand budget observer: Fiscal consolidation remains on track
Today’s half year fiscal update reported an improvement in New Zealand’s fiscal outlook. A stronger economy is expected
to boost tax revenues. At the same time, the government has maintained restraint on the spending side, continuing to
project a return to surplus in 2014/15 (at +$NZ86m, up slightly from +$NZ75m in the May budget). Larger surpluses are
then expected in the years beyond this. Net debt is expected to peak at +26.5% of GDP in 2014/15. Despite today’s better
figures, fiscal policy is expected to remain a drag on growth in coming years, with the government focused on
consolidation.
Facts
- The New Zealand government projects an Operating Balance before Gains and Losses (OBEGAL), of -1.0% of GDP in the
2013/14 year (versus -0.9% in the May 2013 Budget). The OBEGAL is expected to return to a marginal surplus of +NZD86
million by 2014/15 (from +NZD75m previously).
- The outlook for government revenue has been revised higher in later years. This reflects a stronger outlook for
domestic activity, with average annual growth of +3.6% now expected in the March 2015 year (up from +3.0% in the May
budget). The outlook for government expenditure is largely unchanged from the May budget.
- Net debt is expected to peak at +26.5% of GDP in 2014/15 (previously +28.7 % in the May budget). Bond issuance in
2013/14 is expected to total NZD8 billion, from NZD10 billion projected in May.
Implications
The strengthening New Zealand economy has given a boost to the government’s coffers. Since the May budget, tax receipts
have run ahead of projections, as a booming housing market, post-earthquake reconstruction and a rapid run up in export
prices provided support to the domestic economy and spending.
This improvement was built in to today’s Half-year Economic and Fiscal Update. The run of stronger economic data in
recent months has led the New Zealand Treasury to adopt a rosier outlook for the economy and this has provided a boost
to their projections for tax receipts over the next few years, particularly in the later part of the projection. Faced
with an improved outlook for tax receipts, the government plans to bank those gains for now, rather than adopt any major
new policies to boost spending or significantly ease up on fiscal consolidation plans.
The projected surplus in 2014/15 remains small, at +NZD86 million, as changes in near term expense estimates provided an
offset to stronger revenues. Beyond this though, the strong economy is projected to deliver healthier surpluses, with a
surplus of +0.7% of GDP projected for 2015/16 (up from +0.3% of GDP in the May budget).
Overall, while the government’s books are in better shape, New Zealand is still undergoing a significant amount of
fiscal consolidation over the next few years and this will remain a headwind for growth. Treasury estimates that the
direct drag of fiscal consolidation over the next three years is around -2.6% of GDP.
Bottom line
A stronger economy has led to an improvement in the government’s financial position.
The government plans to continue to focus on fiscal consolidation, rather than boosting spending, and therefore
announced no major policy changes today.
As a result, the path to surplus is now more assured, but at the same time, fiscal consolidation will remain a headwind
for New Zealand’s economy in coming years.