International Holocaust Remembrance Day
27 January 2022
GENEVA (26 January 2022) – On the occasion of International Holocaust Remembrance Day, UN human rights experts* reiterate their calls to combat
antisemitism and all forms of religious and racial bigotry. They issue the following statement:
“Over the years, we, and the UN mandates that we hold, have repeatedly issued warnings of the dangers of hatred,
bigotry, racism and prejudice to all peoples everywhere. Early reports confirm that 2021 – like 2020, 2019, and 2018
before it – was a year in which monitors around the world again documented historically high levels of antisemitism.
We have warned about the need to raise awareness about persistent and emerging forms of antisemitic hatred, the need to
document trends and to uphold the human rights obligations of States and human rights responsibilities of non-state
actors in combating antisemitism in all its forms.
Of particular concern over the past year are the many reports that Jewish people, and sites, were subjected to violence,
discrimination and harassment by people targeting them as proxies for Israel because of their Jewish identity,
particularly during and following armed hostilities in the Middle East in May 2021. Jewish people were violently
attacked, suffered death threats and were harassed online; Jewish neighbourhoods were targeted by groups of individuals
making violent threats; Jewish religious, educational, and cultural sites were vandalized and defaced; and protests
targeted synagogues and Jewish community centres.
Conflict in the Middle East is frequently accompanied by a spike in antisemitism globally. Critiques of Israeli
Government actions and policies that violate human rights including those of Palestinians, are both warranted and valid
from a human rights perspective. However, in many cases, rhetoric and statements about Israel endorsed by public
figures, academics and others went beyond criticizing Israeli policies or actions to assertions that Zionism, the
self-determination movement of the Jewish people, is an inherently racist ideology and a form of racial supremacy,
suggesting that supporting Zionism is inherently equivalent to supporting racial discrimination. Not only is this
narrative false; it has also shown to fuel resentment against Jews and normalise bias against Jewish communities
worldwide.
We regret that although UN leaders specifically warned Member States against airing antisemitic diatribes at UN meetings
and other international fora, this warning was not heeded, and “Zionism is racism” trope continues to be aired.
As the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance’s Working Definition of Antisemitism notes while determinations concerning antisemitism must always be made with regard to “the overall context” and while
“criticism of Israel similar to that levelled against any other country cannot be regarded as anti-Semitic … holding
Jews collectively responsible for actions of the state of Israel” is a form of antisemitism, as is "[d]enying the Jewish
people their right to self-determination, e.g., by claiming that the existence of a State of Israel is a racist
endeavour."
Experts, including the UN Special Rapporteur on freedom of religion or belief and the European Commission against Racism
and Intolerance, have encouraged the use of the IHRA working definition as a non-legal tool, especially in the areas of
data collection, education and awareness-raising. Using this working definition in accordance with international human
rights standards will not only contribute to the global efforts in combating antisemitism but will also make the space
for contentious public debates more capacious and inclusive.
We reiterate the call upon UN Member States in the 2005 UN General Assembly resolution 60/7, to educate future
generations about the Holocaust as “a warning to all people of the dangers of hatred, bigotry, racism and prejudice”. We
therefore welcome the resolution adopted by the UN General Assembly last week condemning Holocaust denial as an
important milestone in the fight against global antisemitism and all forms of hatred. We hope it also serves as an
inspiration to rejecting increasing instances of genocide denial, including the Srebrenica genocide in Bosnia.
We urge stakeholders to come together and act within a human rights framework to ensure that the facts of the Holocaust
are known and to appreciate how antisemitic conspiracy theories and harmful narratives contribute to an environment in
which violence, discrimination and hatred can flourish.”
* The experts: Ahmed Shaheed,Special Rapporteur on freedom of religion or belief; Alexandra Xanthaki,Special Rapporteur in the field of cultural rights; Morris Tidball-Binz,Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions; Fernand de Varennes RP,Special Rapporteur on minority issues