GENEVA (9 March 2020) – Individuals detained in Iranian detention facilities are suffering from serious human rights
violations and the situation of those arrested during the November 2019 protests is a subject of particular concern,
said a UN expert in his latest report presented to the Human Rights Council.
Javaid Rehman, UN Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in the Islamic Republic of Iran, also highlighted
that significant economic challenges in the country, worsened by sanctions, are having a significant impact on economic
and social rights.
“I am concerned that the effect of sanctions has resulted in serious shortages of medication and medical equipment,
including for rare and life-threatening conditions,” Rehman said. “I urge the countries imposing sanctions and the
international community as a whole to take all measures to mitigate the negative impact of sanctions on human rights,
especially the right to health.”
The UN expert also stressed his concern that the Iranian Government’s long-standing violations of the rights to freedom
of expression, assembly and association persist. Making specific reference to the Iranian authorities’ unprecedented
lethal response to nationwide protests in November 2019, he reiterated his call for an independent and impartial
investigation of the events and for perpetrators to be held accountable.
“During these protests, authorities used excessive force against individuals protesting fuel price rises and economic
hardship, including aiming live ammunition at the head and organs. At least 300 people were killed, including over 20
children, a horrific violation of the right to life that I condemn in the strongest terms,” he said.
Concerns about detained protesters relate to Rehman’s findings on detention conditions and related fair trial rights.
Detention conditions are below international standards set out in the Nelson Mandela Rules, while due process guarantees
are also often violated. The Special Rapporteur is also alarmed at the prevalence of forced confessions due to torture,
denial of medical treatment and other ill-treatment.
“While using confessions extracted through torture as evidence is prohibited under Iranian law, in practice forced
confessions are frequently used as the sole basis for convictions,” the expert said.
“Overcrowding, poor nutrition and a lack of hygiene are also serious concerns. These issues indicate a high risk to
prisoners’ health from malnutrition and disease. Recent reports indicate that the COVID-19 virus has spread inside
Iranian prisons.”
Rehman expressed particular concern that some individuals detained during protests are reportedly being tortured to
extract confessions, and that some have received harsh sentences, including the death penalty.
Other issues highlighted in his report include the arbitrary detention of women’s rights advocates, human rights
defenders, lawyers, cultural workers and dual and foreign nationals; discrimination against minorities; and the
continued execution of child offenders despite its strict prohibition under international human rights law.
The UN expert noted progress in certain areas, such as the new nationality law that allows Iranian mothers to pass on
their citizenship to their children in most cases. Rehman also welcomed the Government’s increased engagement with
international human rights mechanisms, including participation in the November 2019 universal periodic review and
cooperation with the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights.