Low wages and horrendous working conditions on fishing vessels, fish farms and in processing factories have a serious
impact on the everyday lives of the workers’ families, Hilal Elver, the UN Special Rapporteur on the right to food said
during her presentation to the Human Rights Council today.
“Most of the 120 million people working in the fisheries sector - often exposed to dangerous conditions and working up
to 20 hours a day - don’t earn a living wage. They therefore fail to fulfil their families’ basic needs including food,
clothing, housing, education and healthcare,” the expert stressed.
Around 24,000 workers in the fish industry die each year, and many more are seriously injured, even permanently. People
working in fish farms often face serious health issues due to exposure to toxic chemicals. Yet, they and their families
fail to receive compensation as they tend to work informally outside of national labour and social protection schemes,
plunging the families into poverty.
Women and children are invisible in the fishing sector. “Women are employed at fish processing firms, peeling frozen
shrimps without any protection for hours a day, in damp settings for minimal wages, most of the time even as unpaid
family members,” Elver said. “Children, further are requested to work to help their families in the pursuit of food, but
are often exploited as cheap labour on fishing boats, with no consideration to the dangerous nature of the work.”
Cases of physical abuse and of labour exploitation in the fishing sector are widespread. Migrant workers in particular
are frequently trafficked and forced to work on fishing boats. “These workers remain trapped at sea for years, without
pay or contact with their families,” Elver added. “They barely get enough food to eat, and are beaten if the captain
thinks they are not working hard enough, or in extreme cases, abandoned in a foreign port or even thrown overboard.”
The Special Rapporteur called on States to abide by their legal obligations to respect, protect and fulfil the right to
food of people working in the fisheries sector. In order to do so, they should strengthen the legal protection of those
workers, enhance their labour inspections, properly investigate allegations of abuse and ensure that victims of abuses
can get appropriate remedies.
”The increasing worldwide demand for widely available cheap seafood, in particular salmon, tuna and shrimp, is a factor
in the continuous hunt for cheap labour in the sector,” the expert concluded. “Everyone, including consumers must help
to improve the situation of fishery workers, for example by buying fish grown or captured locally by small-scale
fishers.”