The Opinion Research Business
New analysis ‘confirms’ 1 million+ Iraq casualties
January 28th 2008
Further survey work undertaken by ORB, in association with its research partner IIACSS, confirms our earlier estimate
that over 1,000,000 Iraqi citizens have died as a result of the conflict which started in 2003.
Following responses to ORB’s earlier work, which was based on survey work undertaken in primarily urban locations, we
have conducted almost 600 additional interviews in rural communities. By and large the results are in line with the
‘urban results’ and we now estimate that the death toll between March 2003 and August 2007 is likely to have been of the
order of 1,033,000. If one takes into account the margin of error associated with survey data of this nature then the
estimated range is between 946,000 and 1,120,000.
Our revised estimate – which compares to a figure of 1.2 million published in August 2007 – is based on a representative
sample of 2,414 adults aged 18+. They were asked the following question:-
Casualties Calculation:
Among the over 2,160 respondents who answered the question 20% said that there had been at least one death in their
household as a result of the conflict which started in 2003. Within these households the average number of deaths was
1.26 people.
The last complete census in Iraq conducted in 1997 indicated a total of 4,050,597 households. Based on this our data
suggests a total of 1,033,239 deaths since March 2003. Given that the statistical margin of error on a sample of
approximately 2,160 people is +1.7% (for findings at or near 20%) the possible range of casualties implied by our data
is:
Detailed analysis (which is available on our website) indicates that over two-fifths of households in Baghdad have lost
a family member, higher than in any other area of the country. Meanwhile among those willing to declare their doctrine
(and for quite obvious reasons about half those interviewed prefer to simply describe themselves as Muslims) those from
Sunni households (33%) were significantly more likely to say the conflict had claimed a household member. The respective
figure for Shias being half that figure (16%).
Research Methodology:
- Results based on face-to-face interviews amongst a nationally representative sample of 2,414 adults aged 18+.
Interviews conducted throughout Iraq - 1,824 in urban areas and 590 around rural sampling points.
- The survey methodology utilized multi-stage random probability sampling and covers fifteen of Iraq’s eighteen
governorates. Overall 112 unique sampling points were covered – 92 in urban areas and 20 in rural locations.
- For reasons surrounding interviewer safety Karbala and Al Anbar were not included in this research. Irbil is
also excluded as the local authorities refused our fieldwork team a permit to operate. We feel that the net result of
these exclusions –two areas of relatively high volatility since 2003 and one relatively stable - is that the casualty
estimates reported are unlikely to overstate the actual figure.
- The first batch of interviews was completed August 12th – 19th 2007 with the ‘rural booster’ conducted 20th –
24th September, 2007.
- At the 95% confidence level the ‘margin of error’ on the sample who answered (2,163) is +2.1%. This figure is
applicable to findings at or near 50% while for findings in the region of 20% this margin drops to +1.7%
- Full results and data tabulations are available at www.opinion.co.uk/newsroom
- IIACSS (Independent Institute for Administration and Civil Society Studies) is a polling/ research company
established in Iraq in 2003 and which has a network of interviewers covering all regions of the country. Further
information about IIACSS and its founding director Dr. Munqith Dagher can be found within the relevant news article in
the Newsroom section of ORB’s website.
- ORB is a member of the British Polling Council and abides by its rules.
The Opinion Research Business