For immediate release Wednesday October 4, 2006
Anniversary of Pakistan earthquake: Earthquake survivors at risk as Himalayan winter starts early – At least 1.8 million
people still in temporary shelter as snow falls
One year on from the Pakistan earthquake on 8 October 2005, over 1.8 million people face a second winter in makeshift
shelters and tents, warns aid agency Oxfam International in a report published today.
Much has been achieved in the aftermath of the earthquake and a second humanitarian crisis amid sub-zero temperatures
was averted last winter.
However, the scale of the catastrophe, difficult mountainous terrain, poor infrastructure, extreme weather conditions,
problems with disseminating public information, as well as gaps in support for some vulnerable groups, have hindered the
pace of reconstruction. As a result, many are still at risk with snow already falling in one of the highest regions in
the world.
According to the Pakistan authorities, only 17 percent of the 450,000 affected households have begun building permanent
homes. Oxfam estimates at least 80 per cent of the remaining families, equivalent to 1.8 million people, are still
living in temporary shelters with the rest staying with friends and relatives. Over 40,000 people are known to be in
tents in official camps. Thousands of others are believed to be in unofficial camps and tents close to their home
villages.
A recent Oxfam survey of 17 earthquake-hit villages found that virtually all those who were living in tents lacked
adequate protection against winter weather. Oxfam believes up to 60,000 people could be forced to move from their
mountain villages because of harsh winter conditions and would need accommodation in camps. Thousands of others in
remote rural areas also remain at risk because routes to access vital supplies of food, fuel and medicine are often
blocked by winter snow and landslides.
"With snow already falling, this winter seems to have arrived early. Besides materials that will strengthen their homes
against the harsh conditions, people in temporary shelter in rural and mountain areas need sustained access to safe
heating and other essential items," says Farhana Faruqi Stocker from Oxfam International.
Pakistani authorities have belatedly taken some positive steps. Local officials plan to upgrade camp facilities to deal
with a likely influx. The government has also very recently decided to allow international aid agencies to distribute
materials such as corrugated iron sheets to help rural dwellers winterise their shelters.
The Pakistani government's reconstruction strategy makes homeowners responsible for rebuilding their homes. The
government is helping families by providing financial support plus technical guidelines and training on earthquake
resistant construction. Over 30,000 builders have been trained and money has been distributed to more than 370,000
families to help them begin rebuilding. Aid agencies were recently allowed to build homes for the most vulnerable groups
such as widows and the disabled.
However, owing to difficulties in disseminating the building guidelines, problems linked to cost, availability and
transport of materials, as well as a host of administrative problems, reconstruction has been slow and problematic.
"When we see that one year after Hurricane Katrina, the world's richest nation – the US – is still struggling with the
reconstruction of the areas affected, it is no surprise that Pakistan has faced difficulties in the recovery across a
much more difficult terrain," says Stocker.
Worryingly, almost a third of those who have begun rebuilding have not complied with official guidelines – sometimes
unwittingly. Besides leaving themselves vulnerable to future earthquakes, such people may also become ineligible for
financial support. The challenge of delivering information on earthquake-resistant construction has now been passed to
the UN.
"People need to be clearly informed about financial and technical support they're entitled to and the guidance on
building earthquake resistant homes must be easily available and understandable.
"Better information is also needed to monitor and analyse what is happening to women. They face particular challenges to
access their entitlements. For example, many women are dealing with institutions such as banks and government offices
for the first time," says Stocker.
Oxfam is also concerned that there is still no government support for rural survivors who lost their land during the
earthquake to rebuild their lives.
In the six months after the earthquake, Oxfam New Zealand contributed more than $330,000 to Oxfam International's
response which provided water and sanitation facilities for approximately 580,000 men, women, and children. It
distributed winterised tents and transitional shelter kits to 370,000 people and helped nearly 60,000 people rebuild
their livelihoods.
Oxfam is now repairing and building water and sanitation schemes for around 220,000 people, including 130 hard-to-reach
mountainous areas and village schools. Oxfam is also providing water and sanitation assistance to around 10,000 people
still in camps. Oxfam is helping over 90,000 people to rebuild their livelihoods through cash for work, providing
agricultural support, and helping village traders re-establish their businesses./End
Note to editors
1. Oxfam International Briefing Note 'Keeping recovery on course' focuses on the challenges facing the response to the
Pakistan earthquake one year on. It can be downloaded from our website. www.oxfam.org.nz
2. More than five million people were affected by the earthquake in Pakistani-administered Kashmir and the North West
Frontier Province, including over 73,000 confirmed dead and 3.3 million people made homeless.
ENDS