Remarks in the Human Rights Council Working Group
Mark P. Lagon, Deputy Assistant Secretary for International Organization Affairs
New York City
October 18, 2005
Like many of the countries here, the United States strongly supports the creation of a new Human Rights Council, as
agreed in the Outcome Document to the September 14 Global Summit here in New York. It is one of the United States' very
top priorities in near-term UN reform.
The Commission on Human Rights was intended to and has advanced human rights protection. It has produced key standards,
such as the Universal Declaration on Human Rights, as well as key treaties, such as the International Covenant on Civil
and Political Rights. However, most of us would agree that the Commission has been stymied in its momentum to be able to
concretely improve the human rights situations of people on the ground, and the time has come for something new. That is
an imperative for action.
We are seeking the creation of a UN Human Rights mechanism that can more effectively reach out to countries to assist
them in meeting their human rights commitments and obligations. As High Commissioner for Human Rights Louise Arbour
noted in her "Plan of Action", " the clear task of the United Nations is to remind Governments of their obligations and,
through an appropriate combination of dialogue, assistance, and advocacy, to assist them in realizing the required
reform." When States seek help they should get it. That is why we support a doubling of the High Commissioner's Regular
Budget funding. And in those acute cases that States abuse freedom and refuse to look to international partners, the
UN's chief human rights organ should retain the means to, on occasion, speak out plainly.
Thus, we urge UN member states to work together to agree to establish a UN Human Rights Council that is the organ
responsible for promoting universal respect for and observance and protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms.
We seek a body that can better offer immediate attention to human rights by quickly addressing urgent or continuing
human rights violations, including "gross and systematic violations" as cited in the Global Summit Outcome Document, and
also offers technical assistance and capacity-building resources for countries seeking to strengthen their domestic
human rights protections. These activities should be the main focus of the Council and the essential component of its
mandate.
The United States looks forward to the opportunity to work together with our partners to ensure that this body is both
legitimate and effective, with the capacity for effective decision-making facilitated by a strong, committed, and
smaller membership. We propose this should best be at approximately thirty members.
At its core, the membership of this human rights machinery should believe that one of the UN's fundamental purposes is
to assist states in meeting their human rights obligations. We can best do so through a course of both dialogue and
cooperative assistance. And ultimately, the UN's Member states should not make room on the Council for countries that
only seek to undermine the effectiveness of the UN's human rights machinery and limit its appropriate role.
For this reason, the United States proposes that a system of incentives and disqualifiers for membership be implemented
including:
1. Prospective members should be elected directly and individually by a 2/3 majority of the UN General Assembly.
2. Prospective members should have to submit to the UN Secretary General a letter that outlines their qualifications
for membership.
3. Furthermore, prospective members must also receive substantial support within their regional groups. We propose that
each candidate must receive the specific endorsement of a majority of States in its regional group in a letter from a
senior political level to the Secretary-General that indicates the qualifications of the potential candidate.
4. In addition, Governments subject to human-rights related UN Security Council Sanctions or Commissions of Inquiry
should be ineligible for membership to the Council. It only makes sense that those extremely few members whose human
rights violations actually create a threat to the peace and security of the international community, or are otherwise of
particular concern, would not be appropriate members of a credible Council. This is not a matter of criteria, but rather
an absolute minimum objective disqualifier.
We are all accountable to produce a highly functional human rights mechanism. The United States is committed to working
with the UN member states until we arrive at an entity we can stand by with pride and confidence. To this end, we should
develop an implementing resolution by the end of this year, so that an increasingly discredited Commission can be
replaced before it is supposed to convene again next March. We must not take this duty lightly.
Released on October 18, 2005
ENDS