VZCZCXRO3461
OO RUEHFL RUEHKW RUEHLA RUEHROV RUEHSR
DE RUEHTRO #0592/01 2041634
ZNY CCCCC ZZH
O P 221634Z JUL 08
FM AMEMBASSY TRIPOLI
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 3716
INFO RUEHZL/EUROPEAN POLITICAL COLLECTIVE
RUEHEG/AMEMBASSY CAIRO PRIORITY 1164
RUEHTU/AMEMBASSY TUNIS PRIORITY 0562
RUEHAS/AMEMBASSY ALGIERS PRIORITY 0726
RUEHRB/AMEMBASSY RABAT PRIORITY 0672
RUEHTRO/AMEMBASSY TRIPOLI 4226
C O N F I D E N T I A L SECTION 01 OF 03 TRIPOLI 000592
SIPDIS
DEPT FOR NEA/MAG
E.O. 12958: DECL: 7/22/2018
TAGS: PGOV PREL KCRM CVIS ECON EAIR LY SZ
SUBJECT: THUG LIFE: HANNIBAL AL-QADHAFI'S ARREST PROMPTS FISSURE IN
SWISS-LIBYAN RELATIONS TRIPOLI 00000592 001.2 OF 003 CLASSIFIED BY: John T. Godfrey, CDA, U.S. Embassy - Tripoli, Dept
of State. REASON: 1.4 (b), (d) 1. (C) Summary: The arrest in Geneva of Hannibal al-Qadhafi, son of Muammar al-Qadhafi,
and his wife has prompted a serious diplomatic fissure between Switzerland and Libya, which has accused Swiss police of
using unnecessary force, of having violated Hannibal's diplomatic immunity, of having violated diplomatic protocol by
not granting Libyan diplomats immediate consular access to him, and of deliberately seeking to embarrass Libya because
of Switzerland's "well-known" dislike of Arabs. Efforts by the Swiss government to accord Hannibal preferential
treatment earned no quarter from the GOL, which has reduced the number of flights between the two countries, ceased
issuing visas to Swiss citizens seeking to travel to Libya, and harassed Swiss companies in Libya. Since Hannibal's
arrest a week ago, two Swiss companies have been closed on the pretext that their registration papers were not in order
and one Swiss businessmen has been detained for irregularities with his residency permit. Diplomatic efforts to smooth
over the incident are underway: the Swiss Foreign Minister spoke with her Libyan counterpart today, and a high-level
Swiss delegation is scheduled to arrive in Tripoli tomorrow for talks aimed at restoring equilibrium to bilateral
relations. The GOL's reflexive efforts to attack Swiss commercial interests and cease issuing visas to Swiss citizens
underscore the extent to which the regime treats business as an extension of politics and the sensitivity of anything to
do with the al-Qadhafi family. The incident also reflects the gap - perceived by some to be growing - between average
Libyans, who take a dim view of the al-Qadhafi clan's embarrassing and repeated falls from grace, and a hidebound regime
that sees the state as an extension of the al-Qadhafi family empire. End summary. ABUSING THE HELP 2. (C) Swiss
Ambassador Daniel von Muralt gave CDA and A/RSO an extensive readout on July 22 on the recent arrest in Geneva of
Hannibal al-Qadhafi, son of Muammar al-Qadhafi, and the subsequent rift in Swiss-Libyan bilateral relations. Hannibal
and his wife, who is nearly nine months pregnant, together with a sizeable retinue of bodyguards and assistants, were in
Geneva for the delivery of their child. Two of their household staff, a Moroccan man and a Tunisian women, contacted a
Swiss NGO to complain that Hannibal and his wife had physically abused them. The NGO contacted Swiss police and warrants
were issued by a Swiss magistrate for the two. Swiss police informed Libyan diplomats at the Libyan missions in Geneva
and Bern that they intended to take Hannibal and his wife into custody for questioning about allegations that they had
physically abused their assistants and detained them illegally by confiscating their passports. (Note: Von Muralt
explained that a large number of Arabs, many of them wealthy citizens of Gulf states, visit and live in Switzerland and
have a reputation of abusing their domestic help. The scope of the problem is such that some Swiss NGO's essentially
specialize in "rescuing" domestic help who are abused, physically and otherwise, by their well-heeled employers. End
note.) HANNIBAL REFUSES TO GO QUIETLY 3. (C) Swiss police officers arrived at Hannibal's room at the Hotel President
Wilson on July 15 to serve the warrants, but were told by Libyan diplomats at the hotel that Hannibal and his wife did
not intend to surrender themselves into custody. After an hour and a half of fruitless negotiations, Swiss police used a
hotel key to enter the room. Von Muralt said two bodyguards posted just inside the door of the suite's entryway
physically attacked the Swiss officers, who subdued the bodyguards and relieved them of their concealed sidearms. The
bodyguards did not have permits for the weapons. The Swiss officers, some of whom had drawn their sidearms when attacked
by the two bodyguards at the entrance, then forced open the doors to the suite's bedrooms; Hannibal's wife and three
year-old daughter were hiding in one and he was hiding in another with six other bodyguards and other members of his
entourage. PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT ... 4. (C) Swiss officers took Hannibal's wife to a hospital, where she remained under
police custody. Hannibal was taken in an armored sedan (vice a police van) to the Ministry of Justice building, where he
was held in a private room July 15-17. Emphasizing the special treatment accorded to Hannibal, Von Muralt said Hannibal,
a chain smoker, was allowed to smoke despite a prohibition against doing so in all Swiss public buildings. In addition,
von Muralt said that although Swiss law permitted authorities to detain Hannibal incommunicado for 2-8 days, he was
permitted to make a telephone call shortly after TRIPOLI 00000592 002.2 OF 003 his arrest. Swiss authorities assumed he
would call his father, Muammar al-Qadhafi; however, Hannibal insisted on speaking instead with his sister, Aisha
al-Qadhafi. Von Muralt said contacts close to the al-Qadhafi family told him that Hannibal has lived in fear of father
since a series of incidents in which he assaulted Italian police officers in Rome (2001), attacked police in Paris after
being stopped for speeding on the wrong side of the Champs Elysees while inebriated (2004) and received a four-year
suspended prison sentence from a French court after beating his pregnant girlfriend, who refused to let him into their
hotel room (2005). Hannibal was banned from traveling in the European Schengen zone between 2005 and 2008; he
successfully obtained a visa from the Swiss Embassy in Tripoli in February 2008. ... EARNS NO QUARTER FROM AN ANGRY
AISHA 5. (C) Aisha al-Qadhafi arrived in Geneva on July 17 and promptly issued a statement to the press in which she
accused Swiss police of having used excessive force, and the Swiss government of discriminating against Arabs and
perpetrating a "deliberate plot against the al-Qadhafi family". Aisha closed her remarks by noting that Libya's response
to Hannibal's arrest would be in line with the proverb of "an eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth", prompting
speculation in the media that the GOL would retaliate against Switzerland. Noting that it would have been better had she
not come, von Muralt sharply criticized Aisha's statement as "highly inaccurate" and said her attempts at mediation
hurt, rather than helped, efforts to quietly resolve the incident. Eventually, Hannibal and his wife were released on
bail - 200,000 Euros for Hannibal; 300,000 Euros for his wife, who is accused of perpetrating most of the alleged
physical abuse - and flew from Geneva to Tripoli late on July 17 on a private aircraft, together with Aisha, six of the
bodyguard cohort and various other assistants. The two bodyguards who assaulted Swiss officers and carried the
unregistered handguns remain in detention in Geneva. GOL COUNTER ATTACKS ON THE DIPLOMATIC FRONT ... 6. (C) Noting that
he had been officially convoked by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs on five different occasions since July 15, von Muralt
stressed that GOL officials were more focused on mitigating damage to the al-Qadhafi family reputation and saving face
than on the fact that Hannibal's behavior had been egregious. Von Muralt's primary MFA interlocutors have been the MFA
U/S-equivalent for European Affairs, Abdulati Obeidi, and the MFA Secretary for Adminstrative Affairs, Muhammad Kaim.
MFA officials had presented to von Muralt a series of demarches and diplomatic notes accusing the Swiss government of
having used excessive force (particularly with respect to detaining Hannibal's wife), of having violated Hannibal's
diplomatic immunity, of having violated diplomatic protocol by not granting Libyan diplomats immediate consular access
to him, and of deliberately seeking to embarrass Libya because of its "well-known" dislike of Arabs. 7. (C) Von Muralt
noted that Swiss officers had only drawn their weapons because they were physically assaulted by armed bodyguards, that
Hannibal was not/not entitled to diplomatic immunity (he entered Switzerland on a diplomatic passport but was not
accredited to the Swiss Government as a diplomat), that Libyan diplomats were not entitled to immediate consular access
because he was not an accredited diplomat, and that Switzerland had a proud history of racial tolerance and diversity
(one in five residents is a foreigner). (Note: Libyan MFA officials have insisted that Article 36 of the Vienna
Conventions provides for immediate consular access; von Muralt said Switzerland's interpretation, based on international
practice, was to provide access within four to six days. End note.) ... AND ATTACKS SWISS INTERESTS 8. (C) The GOL also
moved swiftly to exact reprisals against Swiss interests in Libya. The Libyan People's Bureau (embassy-equivalent) in
Bern ceased issuing visas to all Swiss travelers on July 17. GOL officials reduced Swiss Air's connections to Tripoli
from three flights per week to one and Libya's Air Afriqiyah reduced its flights to Geneva from three flights per week
to one. Swiss companies in Libya have been summoned for inspections of their registration documents and, in the case of
Swiss nationals, checks of their residency permits. Two Swiss companies, ABB and Stukey Co., have been closed since July
15 for alleged irregularities in their registration papers and the Swiss national country representative for ABB has
been in detention since July 19 on charges that his residency papers TRIPOLI 00000592 003.2 OF 003 were not in order.
Von Muralt estimated that another 20 Swiss companies were at risk of being shuttered unless the diplomatic impasse is
resolved quickly. The GOL has provided a small detachment of National Police to guard the Swiss Embassy and Residence,
and has suggested to von Muralt that angry Libyans, upset by Swiss treatment of Hannibal, could stage popular
demonstrations against the Swiss mission. HIGH-LEVEL NEGOTIATIONS UNDERWAY, BUT OUTCOME UNCLEAR 9. (C) Emphasizing that
the Swiss government is keen to put the relationship back on an even keel, von Muralt nonetheless stressed that
Switzerland "really doesn't need Libya for anything". There are 41 registered Swiss nationals in Libya, of whom 25 are
dual Libyan-Swiss nationals. He suggested that while the Swiss Foreign Ministry was working to resolve the issue, there
were limits to how much they were willing to concede. Swiss Foreign Minister Micheline Calmy-Rey spoke by telephone with
Libyan Foreign Minister Abdulrahman Shalgham on July 22. Von Muralt said Shalgham insisted that Switzerland had violated
the Vienna Conventions by not granting immediate consular access, but backed away from accusations by Aisha al-Qadhafi
and other MFA officials that Swiss police had used undue force and that Swiss officials deliberately sought to embarrass
Libya. 10. (C) A senior Swiss delegation is scheduled to travel to Tripoli on July 23 for talks to "smooth things over";
however, von Muralt noted that Hannibal and his wife are out on bail and are currently required to return to Geneva to
stand trial. Should they fail to appear, the Swiss judge could issue an Interpol arrest warrant. If that were to happen,
von Muralt speculated that the GOL would take "drastic measures" and the Swiss Embassy could be shuttered. Von Muralt
suggested to MFA official Abdulati Obeidi on July 20 that the GOL retain good legal counsel and pursue an out-of-court
settlement with the Tunisian and Moroccan who pressed the charges, which could obviate the need for Hannibal and his
wife to appear before a court in Geneva. The Swiss are making contingency plans to quickly close their mission should
that become necessary. The embassy has continued to operate normally since Hannibal's arrest, to include issuing visas,
but may cease visa issuance if Libya does not quickly resume issuing visas to Swiss citizens. Von Muralt noted that the
Swiss Embassy issues some 9,000 visas each year to Libyans. 11. (C) Comment: The GOL's reflexive efforts to attack Swiss
commercial interests and cease issuing visas to Swiss citizens underscore the extent to which the regime treats business
as an extension of politics and the sensitivity of anything to do with the al-Qadhafi family. Von Muralt dismissed the
possibility that his mission would be threatened by angry Libyans. Noting that Switzerland is a large source of
second-hand vehicles (a sizeable market in Libya) and a popular venue for medical care and banking for well-heeled
Libyans, he said several non-official Libyans had privately expressed the wish that the Swiss had kept Hannibal, who is
unpopular here, in custody. He also noted that the single remaining Swiss Air and Air Afriqiyah flights were booked with
Libyan elites, who would not view favorably a complete cessation of direct air connections to Geneva. Hannibal's
repeated falls from grace highlight the broad gulf between average Libyans, who view the al-Qadhafi family as
unsophisticated upstarts from a historically inconsequential part of the country (Sirte) who routinely embarrass Libya,
and senior regime officials, who view the state as an extension of the al-Qadhafi family empire. The Swedish ambassador,
who is based in Tunis but accredited to Libya, told CDA on July 21 that the "deep-seated, visceral" hatred many Libyans
feel for the al-Qadhafi family has grown in recent years to the point that he does not expect that one of al-Qadhafi's
children will be able to succeed Muammar al-Qadhafi. He was posted in Tripoli in 1986-1990, and said the popular
perception of the ruling family has deteriorated considerably since then, in part because al-Qadhafi's sons have
comported themselves so poorly as they have come of age. End comment. GODFREY