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UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 12 TOKYO 001409
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DEPT FOR E, P, EB, EAP/J, EAP/P, EAP/PD, PA;
WHITE HOUSE/NSC/NEC; JUSTICE FOR STU CHEMTOB IN ANTI-TRUST DIVISION;
TREASURY/OASIA/IMI/JAPAN; DEPT PASS USTR/PUBLIC AFFAIRS OFFICE;
SECDEF FOR JCS-J-5/JAPAN,
DASD/ISA/EAPR/JAPAN; DEPT PASS ELECTRONICALLY TO USDA
FAS/ITP FOR SCHROETER; PACOM HONOLULU FOR PUBLIC DIPLOMACY ADVISOR;
CINCPAC FLT/PA/ COMNAVFORJAPAN/PA.
E.O. 12958: N/A
TAGS: OIIP KMDR KPAO PGOV PINR ECON ELAB JA
SUBJECT: DAILY SUMMARY OF JAPANESE PRESS 05/22/08
INDEX:
(1) Poll on Fukuda cabinet, political parties, road-specific tax
revenues, new health insurance system for elderly (Yomiuri)
(2) Calls for accepting unskilled foreign workers gathering momentum
(Asahi)
(3) Economic growth strategy: Government eyes fund to commercialize
untapped technologies (Nikkei)
(4) Initiative to create Asian Economy-Environment Community: Aim
being to build industrial distribution artery in Asia; 37 projects
planned (Asahi)
(5) Basic Space Law enables Japan to use space for MD, telecom
networks (Mainichi)
(6) Stop cluster bombs - Voices of world and Japan: Interview with
Toshiko Hamayotsu, deputy representative of ruling coalition partner
New Komeito; Government needs to take a step forward (Mainichi)
(7) Kasumigaseki confidential: Many hurdles to Defense Ministry
reform (Bungei Shunju)
ARTICLES:
(1) Poll on Fukuda cabinet, political parties, road-specific tax
revenues, new health insurance system for elderly
YOMIURI (Page 11) (Full)
May 20, 2008
Questions & Answers
(Figures shown in percentage. Parentheses denote the results of a
survey taken in April.)
Q: Do you support the Fukuda cabinet?
Yes 26.1 (30.0)
No 64.7 (58.4)
Other answers (O/A) 2.2 (2.9)
No answer (N/A) 7.0 (8.7)
Q: Which political party do you support now? Pick only one.
Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) 28.5 (30.6)
Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ or Minshuto) 18.4 (17.4)
New Komeito (NK) 2.1 (2.6)
Japanese Communist Party (JCP) 1.3 (1.7)
Social Democratic Party (SDP or Shaminto) 1.3 (0.5)
People's New Party (PNP or Kokumin Shinto) 0.2 (0.2)
New Party Nippon (NPN or Shinto Nippon) --- (0.2)
Other political parties --- (---)
None 47.6 (46.0)
N/A 0.7 (0.9)
Q: When would you like the House of Representatives to be dissolved
for a general election?
As early as possible 29.1
After this July's G-8 summit 20.5
TOKYO 00001409 002 OF 012
By the end of this year 17.9
Before the current term of office ends in September 2009 24.6
N/A 7.9
Q: If an election were to be held now for the House of
Representatives, which political party would you like to vote for in
your proportional representation bloc?
LDP 27.6
DPJ 26.2
NK 2.1
JCP 2.6
SDP 1.6
PNP 0.3
NPN 0.2
Other political parties ---
N/A 0.7
Q: What kind of government would you like to see now? Pick only
one.
The current LDP-Komeito coalition government 18.7
A DPJ-led coalition government of opposition parties 18.2
The LDP's single-party government 6.1
The DPJ's single-party government 5.0
A coalition government centering on the LDP and the DPJ 18.2
A government under a new framework of political parties after
realigning the ruling and opposition parties 18.7
O/A 0.4
N/A 14.9
Q: The gasoline surcharge has now been restored. Do you think it's
good?
Yes 25.4
No 66.0
N/A 8.5
Q: "We will have to dissolve the irresponsible state that sustains a
shortfall of revenues." This is Prime Minister Fukuda's account for
why the government and ruling coalition reinstated the gasoline
surcharge. Is this account convincing?
Yes 19.6
No 73.6
N/A 6.8
Q: Do you support the idea of incorporating gasoline and other
road-specific tax revenues into the state's general account?
Yes 62.7
No 28.6
N/A 8.7
Q: Do you support the newly introduced health insurance system for
the elderly?
Appreciate very much 6.5
Appreciate somewhat 23.1
Don't appreciate very much 34.1
Don't appreciate at all 34.5
TOKYO 00001409 003 OF 012
N/A 1.7
Q: Do you think the government well prepared and accounted for the
new health insurance system before its introduction?
Yes 3.4
No 94.2
N/A 2.3
Q: Prime Minister Fukuda met with Chinese President Hu Jintao on the
occasion of his recent visit to Japan. On the whole, do you
appreciate the Japan-China summit?
Appreciate very much 9.3
Appreciate somewhat 36.1
Don't appreciate very much 32.1
Don't appreciate at all 16.9
N/A 5.6
Q: Prime Minister Fukuda and DPJ President Ozawa have taken
different political approaches to recent political issues. When you
see their stances, which one do you support?
Prime Minister Fukuda 37.0
DPJ President Ozawa 36.9
N/A 26.2
Q: The following questions are about your impression of Prime
Minister Fukuda and DPJ President Ozawa. Which one do you think is
better in terms of leadership ability?
Prime Minister Fukuda 26.6
DPJ President Ozawa 53.4
N/A 20.0
Q: What about political ideal and goal?
Prime Minister Fukuda 32.9
DPJ President Ozawa 45.0
N/A 22.1
Q: What about reform-oriented efforts?
Prime Minister Fukuda 28.5
DPJ President Ozawa 49.3
N/A 22.2
Q: What about public accountability?
Prime Minister Fukuda 27.7
DPJ President Ozawa 41.6
N/A 30.8
Q: What about friendliness?
Prime Minister Fukuda 55.0
DPJ President Ozawa 24.6
N/A 20.4
Polling methodology
Date of survey: May 17-18.
Subjects of survey: 3,000 persons chosen from among all eligible
TOKYO 00001409 004 OF 012
voters throughout the country (at 250 locations on a stratified
two-stage random sampling basis).
Method of implementation: Door-to-door visits for face-to-face
interviews.
Number of valid respondents: 1,837 persons (61.2 PERCENT ).
(2) Calls for accepting unskilled foreign workers gathering
momentum
ASAHI (Page 3) (Excerpts)
May 21, 2008
Miako Ichikawa, Daisuke Fukuma, Hiroyuki Komuro
There is a growing argument in Japan for accepting unskilled foreign
workers. Those who insist on accepting more unskilled foreign
workers tend to jump to the conclusion that doing so is necessary to
make up for a shortage of labor. But many in the government are
taking a cautious stand on this matter. Behind the rising calls for
accepting more unskilled foreign workers is the fact that the
numbers of trainees and students who essentially work as unskilled
workers and foreign nationals of Japanese ancestry are on the sharp
increase.
LDP's parliamentary group suggests accepting immigrants
The members of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party's (LDP)
Parliamentary Council to Promote Exchanges with Foreigners met at
LDP headquarters on May 15. The members of the council include
influential lawmakers, for instance, former Prime Minister Yoshiro
Mori and former Secretary General Hidenao Nakagawa. In the meeting,
they sketched out an outline of a proposal they plan to submit to
the government in June.
The proposal carries shocking contents, for it concludes: "In order
to save Japan from the current crisis of a falling population, Japan
has no other choice but to accept foreign workers." Assuming that
foreign nationals, including unskilled foreign workers, will reside
permanently in the country, the proposal suggests that several
government ministries and agencies in charge of immigration policies
be consolidated into an "immigration agency," and that Japan turn
into a multiethnic society where 10 PERCENT of the population are
immigrants in 50 years to come. The parliamentary council's Chair
Nakagawa said firmly: "Given the shrinking population, Japan has no
choice but to follow the path to become a society that will accept
and foster immigrants in the 21st century."
Meanwhile, House of Representatives member Jinen Nagase, who came
out with his own proposal to accept unskilled foreign workers last
May, when he served as justice minister, has now begun trying to put
his proposal into practice. This past January Nagase launched a
project team on the foreign workers issue under the LDP's National
Strategy Office, which is under the direct control of the prime
minister. The project team is headed by Nagase himself. In order to
come up with a set of proposals by this summer, the project team has
been holding discussions with officials in charge from relevant
government ministries and agencies as well as representatives of
industrial organizations.
One feature of Nagase's private proposal is the introduction of a
system of accepting foreign workers for a short period so that they
need not have any specialties or technical skills. The system will
TOKYO 00001409 005 OF 012
cap the number of foreigners to be accepted every year and limit the
period of their stay in Japan up to three years. They would not be
allowed to reenter Japan. After the meeting on May 20, Nagase said:
"Some in the party call for other countries' people to immigrate
into Japan, but in the project team, aside from the question of
immigrants, the team will discuss the question of whether to accept
foreign workers."
Government cautious about accepting foreign workers
At present, the foreign nationals whom the government officially
accepts as workers are limited to university professors, medical
doctors, athletes, and technical experts. The government has been
cautious about accepting unskilled workers from other countries.
Above all, the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare (MHLW) is in
the van of opponents (to accepting unskilled foreign workers). A
senior MHLW official noted: "They could bring down domestic workers'
wages." At a session on May 9 of the Council on Economic and Fiscal
Policy, Minister of Health, Labor and Welfare Masuzoe claimed: "It's
a problem to assume an attitude of simply getting more labor at low
cost." Masuzoe pointed out social costs related to accepting foreign
workers, such as education and public security, would escalate. He
insisted that Japan instead should give priority to hiring
non-regular domestic workers, women, and elderly people. The MHLW
regards nurse and careworker trainees from Indonesia and other
countries as exceptions based on the economic partnership agreements
(EPAs) with those countries.
The Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) is positive about
accepting foreign workers, but when it comes to unskilled foreign
workers, the ministry is cautious with one senior official noting:
"Less competitive industries would be preserved."
The Ministry of Justice (MOJ), a responsible government office for
management of foreign residents, is not simply opposed to accepting
unskilled foreign workers. In fact, a certain MOJ official claimed:
"Foreign workers are essentially indispensable for present-day
Japan. Given this, the influx of unskilled foreign workers into
Japan is likely to continue. The important thing in this context is
to prevent them from being exploited and prepare a good management
system for them."
Actually, the recent moves by the MOJ seem to be related to
preparations that anticipate a massive influx of foreigners.
This past March, the "Council on Immigration Policy," a private
advisory panel to Justice Minister Hatoyama, proposed to consolidate
information about addresses registered in municipalities and
information about visa status currently under the management of the
immigration bureau into an ID card with photos so that the MOJ will
manage all information. Based on the proposal, the ministry intends
to submit a bill amending the Immigration Control Law to next year's
ordinary session of the Diet. If the law is amended, illegal
residents could be easily identified.
At a news conference on May 9, Hatoyama articulated: "We will
eventually need to discuss the question of whether to accept
immigrants. Will Japan adopt an immigration policy or not? We should
answer this question in a couple of years to come."
Unskilled foreign workers already incorporated into working places
TOKYO 00001409 006 OF 012
as working horse
The MOJ's moves and growing calls in the ruling bloc for accepting
unskilled foreign workers reflect the reality in Japan that in
addition to a decline in the labor force population in the wake of
the falling birth rate, the number of foreign nationals who are
engaged in unskilled labor has been already increasing sharply.
As of 2006, the number of foreign nationals of Japanese ancestry who
can get jobs in Japan freely reached 370,000, up 140,000 from a
decade before (based on the MHLW's estimate). Most of them work at
factories as part-timers or contract-based workers. The number of
foreign trainees Japan has accepted under the pretext of
international contribution has expanded to some 150,000 (in 2006),
about four times as many as the figure one decade ago. Those
trainees are an indispensable work force in the machine and textile
industries. Now that poor working conditions where they work have
been taken up in the Diet, the question of reviewing the current
systems (related to foreign workers) is much talked in the
government ahead of next year's ordinary Diet session.
(3) Economic growth strategy: Government eyes fund to commercialize
untapped technologies
NIKKEI (Top Play) (Full)
May 22, 2008
A draft for the government's economic growth strategies to be
released in June was revealed yesterday. According to the plan, the
government will set up a fund to help commercialize advanced
technologies currently not used by their developers as part of the
strategies. The strategies will also propose a tax system that will
make it easier for Japanese firms to repatriate income earned
abroad. Additionally, the government plans to realize a United
Economies and Environment of Asia (UEEA), based on a vast
distribution network within the Asian region to be created anew in
order for Japanese companies to grow, by receiving the vitality of
Asian economies.
Strategies drafted by government aimed at taking in vitality of
Asia
The Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) has taken the
lead in drafting the strategies. METI Minister Akira Amari will
present the proposals at a meeting of the Council on Economic and
Fiscal Policy (CEFP). The document will serve as the basis for the
economic growth strategies to be presented by Prime Minister Yasuo
Fukuda possibly in early June and reflected in basic policy
guidelines on economic and fiscal management and structural reforms,
a basic policy for economic and fiscal management. By pursuing those
strategies, the government aims at generating real gross domestic
product (GDP) growth of 2 PERCENT over the next 10 years.
The growth strategies focus on technical innovation, global
strategies and a low-carbon emission society. For technical
innovation, the government will set up a system that will encourage
companies to pursue technical innovation. It will establish as early
as next fiscal year an innovation and creation organization that can
tap around 200 billion yen through fiscal investment and loan
programs (FILP funds). It would, for instance, invest in
private-sector funds that aim to commercialize patented technologies
currently unused by developer. It expects such investment to help
TOKYO 00001409 007 OF 012
nurture competitive new companies.
The plan is that METI and the Ministry of Finance (MOF) will invest
between 50 and 100 billion yen in the envisaged organization from
the investment account in the special FILP account and private
companies between 100 and 150 billion yen. The government plans to
submit the necessary legislation to next year's Diet session. Since
it takes time to nurture new companies, the entities will likely
remain in existence for 15 to 20 years as joint-stock corporations.
The government would also consider tax code revisions in order to
make companies repatriate income earned overseas. It would also come
up with a proposal for introducing a foreign income exemption
method, under which dividends Japanese companies receive from their
overseas subsidiaries will not be charged corporate taxes. This is
because under the current tax code, companies that repatriate profit
generated overseas as dividends are charged with the highest
corporate taxes among leading countries.
The global strategies will focus on the promotion of the UEEA and
economic partnership agreements. The UEEA is a pan-Asian economic
alliance for economic policy cooperation involving Japan, China,
South Korea, Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) members,
India, Australia. Under the initiative, the government would
propose a vast distribution network crossing Asia, which would
connect southern India, Thailand, Cambodia and Vietnam by a land
route and sea, as an Asian Sunbelt. It would map out a
commercialization plan by 2011, by conducting a preliminary survey
of areas subject to the plan and estimating necessary expenses by
2009. The government intends to back the establishment of industrial
complexes and special economic zones, as well as the consolidation
of infrastructure, including a road network, ports and harbors.
(4) Initiative to create Asian Economy-Environment Community: Aim
being to build industrial distribution artery in Asia; 37 projects
planned
ASAHI (Page 7) (Full)
May 22, 1008
The government yesterday unveiled the complete details of its
initiative to create a "United Economies and Environment of Asia,"
which will become the main feature of Japan's growth strategy. The
government's initiative includes 37 projects, including an Asian
Sunbelt concept of building a main artery of Asia's industrial
distribution. The initiative incorporates five numerical targets
such as expanding Asia's environmental business market by 4.7 times
to 300 trillion yen in 2030.
The Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry and Environment Ministry
will jointly propose the initiative in a meeting tomorrow of the
Economic and Fiscal Policy Council. It will be incorporated in
"big-boned reform policy guidelines for 2008," which will be
compiled in late June.
A total of 16 countries -- Japan, China, South Korea, 10 ASEAN
member countries, India, Australia, and New Zealand -- are
considered to become members. The government mapped out 9 priority
projects from three perspectives: 1) the environment and energy; 2)
smooth movements of people and goods; and 3) activation of the
consumer market.
TOKYO 00001409 008 OF 012
The feature of the initiative is building an Asia Sunbelt, which
will link Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam and Chennai in India by an
international bullet train and a sea route. More than 1,800
Japanese-affiliated enterprises have entered into five major cities
in the region. The aim is to enhance the efficiency of production by
division of labor; for example, exporting automobiles assembled in
Thailand with auto parts made in Vietnam.
Data on distribution costs between major cities and the centers of
industrial products, and the amounts of time required will be input.
In order to reduce distribution costs, network of roads will be
improved and the procedures of port services will be integrated.
In the environmental area, the feature is to disseminate Japan's
energy conservation technologies (in Asia) -- repairing coal thermal
power plans in China. Roadmaps for petroleum stockpiling systems for
Asian countries will be mapped out. Also Japan's water-saving
technology will be come into wide use.
A policy study organ, which will be set up under Japan's initiative,
will assess member countries' environmental policies. A program was
set forth to support member countries' efforts for their
environmental policies. An "Asia eco-town program" will promote the
formulation of a basic plan to urge member countries to improve
their recycling facilities.
The member countries will make efforts to upgrade the economy by
using information technology. The idea of building an "Asia Internet
zone" is intended to create a consumer market on the Internet
covering the entire Asia. Demonstration tests will be carried out
next year and international settlement and distribution issues will
be consolidated by 2011.
(5) Basic Space Law enables Japan to use space for MD, telecom
networks
MAINICHI (Page 5) (Full)
May 22, 2008
The House of Councillors passed in a plenary session yesterday a law
allowing the use of space for military purposes. The bill was backed
by the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), the Democratic Party of
Japan, and the New Komeito. In 1969, the Diet adopted a resolution
that limited the use of space to nonmilitary purposes. By altering
the interpretation of the resolution, the Diet now allows Japan to
use space for defense purposes. China's increasing presence in the
space area and North Korea's launch of ballistic missiles prompted
the LDP defense-policy clique in the Diet and persons related to the
defense industry to launch a discussion in 2005 on the use of space
for military purposes by stages, fearing that Japan might be left
behind in space military competition.
The Association to Consider Space Use for Japan's National Security,
a study group of politicians, bureaucrats and business leaders,
compiled a set of proposals in the summer of 2006, titled: "A vision
on our nation's defense and space." The report was produced by LDP
lawmakers lobbying for the interests of the defense industry, senior
members of the then Defense Agency, and representatives from
companies in the aerospace industry, such as Mitsubishi Heavy
Industries Co. and IHI, under Chairman Shigeru Ishiba, who is now
defense minister.
TOKYO 00001409 009 OF 012
The recommendation report stressed the need for the government to
step up efforts to enable the use of space for military purposes in
order to promote the missile-defense (MD) system, which Japan
decided in 2003 to introduce, spy activities by satellites, and
telecommunications infrastructure to communicate Self-Defense Force
(SDF) troops being deployed in Iraq or the Indian Ocean. This report
clarifies what the government is aiming at by enacting the space
legislation.
Take the case of MD, for instance. If a ballistic missile is fired,
Japan will receive information from U.S. early-warning satellites on
details, such as its liftoff spot and destination.
North Korea fired one Scud missile (with a range of 600 km) and two
Nodong-2 missiles (with a range of 2,300 km) into the Sea of Japan
in 2006. Additionally, it has been reported that China and North
Korea have ballistic missiles with a range of 2,500 km. If the range
becomes longer, it will become impossible to detect the fired
missile in a wider area. In such a case, we have to depend on
early-warning satellites or space homing surveillance satellites.
Additionally, it will take time until Japan receives information
from the U.S. Given this, the report emphasizes that Japan should
deploy its own early-warning satellites, noting: "Automatic space
infrastructure" is necessary.
The capabilities of the four information-gathering satellites the
government now possesses, such as display resolution, have been kept
at the same levels as those of private firms' commercial satellites,
based on the 1969 Diet resolution.
The recommendation report says that the level of display resolution
needed to confirm equipment installed at surface-to-air missiles or
fighters is less than 0.75 meters. The report then proposed that
Japan should independently develop a high-performance reconnaissance
satellite.
To start communications with Self-Defense Force troops dispatched
overseas by immediately opening telecommunications networks, the
report deems it "indispensable for Japan to have telecommunications
satellites exclusively used to that end." The report emphasizes the
limits of private-sector satellites, citing these cases: (1) Six to
12 months were needed to confirm the capacity and security of
telecommunications when troops were dispatched to Iraq; and (2) only
voice communications are available with Maritime Self-Defense Force
troops dispatched on a refueling mission in the Indian Ocean.
Defense Ministry also responsible for "space policy"
Immediately after Japan failed in the launch of the H-2A rocket in
November 2008, then Chief Cabinet Secretary Yasuo Fukuda handed a
memo to then Education, Culture, Sports, and Technology Minister
Takeo Kawamura during a plenary session of the House of
Representatives. The handwritten memo depicted an organization chart
designed to integrate administrative functions over space policy in
the cabinet. While handing the memo over to Kawamura, Fukuda said:
"The absence of a control tower for space policy must be ended
somehow." In order to dissolve the issue of administrative functions
split among the Education Ministry, the Economy, Trade and Industry
Ministry, and other government agencies, discussion on the space
legislation started around that time.
TOKYO 00001409 010 OF 012
"Defense" was cited in the memo as a policy to tackle. It was just
what the LDP defense-policy clique hoped for, because the Diet
resolution always stood in the way of discussion on the use of
space.
The study group specified that the interpretation of the resolution
should be reviewed. A measure to lift the ban on the use of space
for defense purposes was incorporated in the bill. Under a strategic
taskforce to be established under the prime minister based on the
Basic Space Law, the Defense Ministry is also likely to be regarded
as a competent government agency. In the area of use of space, the
Defense Ministry will virtually see its status "upgraded."
(6) Stop cluster bombs - Voices of world and Japan: Interview with
Toshiko Hamayotsu, deputy representative of ruling coalition partner
New Komeito; Government needs to take a step forward
MAINICHI (Page 7) (Full)
May 22, 2008
Interviewer: Yoshihiko Saito
Cluster munitions are dreadful weapons. They victimize children
indiscriminately in particular, and they are inhumane weapons. We
should aim ultimately to scrap all cluster munitions.
Major states in the world, such as the United States, Russia, and
China, are members of the Conference of the High Contracting Parties
to the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons (CCW). This
conference decides everything in line with the principle of
unanimous consent. Because of this principle, the conference is slow
to take action. As a result, the Oslo Process started. I highly rate
the Oslo Process as an alliance of wisdom that is hoping for peace.
It was a realistically big step.
The government has said it will actively take part in the Oslo
Process, but its attitude appears to somewhat back away from it.
Japan should take the position of taking a big step forward toward
creating a treaty banning cluster bombs at the Dublin Conference,
with the aim of eliminating cluster munitions from the earth.
It is hoped that Japan, as the only country ever to suffer an atomic
attack should in dealing with peace and inhumane weapons, including
nuclear arsenals, make good use of its position and demonstrate its
leadership. It's no good to simply follow others by saying Japan
will do so because others do so.
As to the question of what to do about the Convention on the
Prohibition of Anti-Personnel Mines, some in Japan initially raised
objections to signing the convention, arguing that such mines are a
necessary evil, but Japan was finally able to scrap them.
I am not pessimistic about (scrapping all cluster munitions). The
point is whether politicians can make a decision. Making a decision
is possible once politicians resolve to do so. I pin my hopes on the
government's political decision.
Disarmament is a global trend. Possessing cluster bombs without
verifying whether they are actually needed is no more than an
armchair plan. I think it is questionable to say Japan will suffer a
threat if it does not possess such bombs. If such bombs were
actually used (and ordinary citizens were affected), it would be a
TOKYO 00001409 011 OF 012
problem. A huge amount of military spending is being expended for
something that has nothing to do with the people's daily lives. No
debate has occurred on how to reduce such spending, yet the social
welfare and education budgets are being cut back. There seems to be
a gap in thinking and principles. It is necessary to strike a
balance. I believe this is close to the public's view.
(7) Kasumigaseki confidential: Many hurdles to Defense Ministry
reform
Bungeishunju (Full) (Page 236)
June 2008
In the wake of a string of scandals, including bribery involving a
senior official, the intelligence leakage, and the Aegis collision
incident, a plan to reform the Defense Ministry, with which Minister
Shigeru Ishiba came up with confidence, has now taken a dark turn.
Ishiba's reform plan proposes merging and realigning functions of
the Defense Ministry into three: 1) defense capability buildup; 2)
units' operations; and 3) Diet affairs and public relations. Ishiba
believes that the evils of the vertically fragmented system will be
eliminated by integrating Ground, Air and Maritime Defense Forces
and even logistic sections of each force.
Seizing the bribery scandal involving then Administrative Vice
Minister Takemasa Moriya, Ishiba in January this year carried out
unscheduled personnel changes and rooted out the Moriya-led group in
the ministry. Ishiba did not get along with Moriya while he was
serving as director general of the former Defense Agency. He then
appointed Nobushige Takamizawa, with whom he has close ties, as
director general of the Defense Policy Bureau, and Hideshi Tokuchi
as director general of the Operational Policy Bureau. However, it is
ironic that such Ishiba aides as Takamizawa and Tokuchi are
reluctant to accept Ishiba's ministry reform plan. This stems from
not just an antagonism between Self-Defense Forces (SDF) personnel,
referred to as the "uniforms," and civilian officials or "suits,"
within the ministry.
Another reason for their opposition to Ishiba's reform plan is the
political situation, including the lack of momentum of the
administration of Prime Minister Fukuda. In opinion polls, the
approval rates for the Fukuda cabinet have plunged to the 20 percent
level. The commonsense view in the bureaucracy is that drastic
organizational reform at a time when the cabinet has lost its
strength will end up as nothing but talk.
In addition, due to the present divided Diet situation in which the
opposition controls the Upper House, while the ruling camp has the
majority in the Lower House, there is no possibility that a bill
revising the Defense Ministry Establishment Law, intended to reform
the ministry, will clear the Diet even if it is submitted. Vice
Minister Kohei Masuda is unlikely to support Ishiba's reform plan,
even though he has close ties to Ishiba.
With an eye on the declining support rates for the Fukuda cabinet,
calls for a cabinet shuffle have become stronger in the government
and ruling bloc. These moves are nothing but a headwind for Ishiba,
whose reform has taken on a highly conservative military
organization. The government panel on reform of the Defense Ministry
intends to compile a reform plan probably in June, but it does not
appear likely that a schedule for completion of a reform plan will
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be arranged.
SCHIEFFER