(Special devices listen to the deep) (650)
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) August 24 announced a research project that will allow
scientists to study undersea sounds such as whales, dolphins, volcanoes and even the rumblings of the earth itself.
The acoustic monitoring project is to be conducted by NOAA's Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory in Seattle,
Washington
"NOAA's Sound in the Sea Project is the beginning of a larger effort by the scientific community to expand our ability
to study underwater acoustics on a global basis and to explore the sources of sound and their potential impact on marine
life," said Christopher Fox, director of the project.
The first "hydrophone" -- the electronic equipment that makes the project possible -- will be installed September 1.
Further information is available at the Web site NOAA has devoted to the Sound in the Sea Project: http://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/explorations/sound01/sound01.html
Following is the text of the NOAA press release:
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NOAA News
ELECTRONIC "EAR" HELPS NOAA SCIENTISTS HEAR SOUNDS OF THE SEA
August 24, 2001 -- Casual observers often imagine that the depths of the ocean are dark, still, and quiet, but those who
work in and with the ocean know that there is a lot going on under the surface.
"There are a lot of things making noise down there," said Christopher Fox, director of the Acoustic Monitoring Project
from NOAA's Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory in Seattle. "In addition to the rumblings of the earth, there are
sounds made by whales, dolphins, and fish."
Fox will head a project to install underwater hydrophones -- electronic "ears"-- that will hear these noises and send
them back for researchers to study. The first hydrophone will be installed Sept. 1 on a submarine cable at Pioneer
Seamount off the California coast and will soon be sending back digital data that will be made available to the public
via the Internet as part of a Sound in the Sea project.
"We will be listening for many things, such as underwater earthquakes, volcanoes, and landslides," said Fox. "This will
also help us track large marine mammals as they migrate along the West Coast."
The ocean's unique properties allow sound to propagate-or travel-over great distances with very little signal loss. Ice
breaking up and "calving" or separating from the main ice sheet or glacier in Antarctica or Greenland can be heard by a
hydrophone many miles away. Some ambient noise includes wind, precipitation, surface waves, and lightning strikes.
Fox notes that natural phenomena are not the only source of sound in the sea. Since the Industrial Revolution of the
1850s, humans have been producing increasingly significant amounts of ocean noise from steam ships to today's
supertankers and container ships.
"NOAA's Sound in the Sea project is the beginning of a larger effort by the scientific community to expand our ability
to study underwater acoustics on a global basis and to explore the sources of sound and their potential impact on marine
life," Fox said.
The expedition to Pioneer Seamount -- one of the expeditions under NOAA's new Office of Ocean Exploration -- is the
first-ever installation of a long-term hydrophone array by a civilian program. NOAA's research vessel, Ronald H. Brown,
will be used to install the device.
"While this will be a valuable tool to help us identify and analyze many of the sounds in the ocean, there will still be
many sounds that remain mysteries," Fox said. "One example is the 'bloop,' a sound that has been reported for decades by
Navy sonar men, but whose origin has still not been determined."
Relevant Web Sites
NOAA's Ocean Exploration Program: http://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/
NOAA's Sound in the Sea Project: http://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/explorations/sound01/sound01.html
NOAA's Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory: http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/
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