Muriel Newman: Saving the Kiwi
This week’s letter examines the distressing decline in kiwi and other endangered species and asks whether more should be
done to encourage private sector conservation efforts.
The green agenda in this country has already been won. Not the radical agenda of green politics, which has embraced
socialism as its new cause, but a sensible and moderate approach to conservation and environmental protection.
That is why the warnings of the Department of Conservation (DOC) that the kiwi is headed for extinction, fills New
Zealanders with such a sense of dismay. We do not want to be the generation who sat on their hands while the kiwi dies
out.
Scientists have estimated that 12 million kiwi used to live in New Zealand. By 1920 kiwi populations had dropped to
around 5 million birds. But today it is estimated that only 50,000 to 70,000 remain. With the population disappearing at
a rate of 6 percent a year, kiwi could be extinct on the mainland in about fifteen years.
Most kiwis live in forest areas that are controlled by DOC. While countries generally aspire to having around 10 percent
of their landmass under conservation management, here in New Zealand, almost a half of all of our land area is under the
stewardship of DOC. That not only includes land and resources historically owned by the Crown along with more recent
acquisitions, but also private land “acquired” through the Resource Management Act.
Owen McShane of the Centre for Resource Management Studies (a guest contributor in this week’s Forum has done an
outstanding job of identifying problems associated with New Zealand’s resource management systems. A study he
commissioned, “The Role of the Department of Conservation and the Need for Change” by John Third provides an excellent
analysis of why DOC, under the present structure and function, can never succeed in fulfilling its conservation
objectives. It may be viewed on the Centre for Resource Management website.
Effectively, DOC has monopoly control over New Zealand’s native wildlife conservation efforts. That means that private
landowners who want to play their part in protecting our endangered species more often than not, face major hurdles.
Roger Beattie and his wife are a case in point. Back in 1994 they erected a predator proof fence around 20 hectares of
native forest on their Banks Peninsula farm. They wanted to establish a breeding programme for the eastern buff weka,
which, while it had become extinct on the mainland, was so abundant on the Chatham Islands, that DOC was culling and
killing hundreds of birds on an annual basis.
Roger has outlined his saga for NZCPD readers on our www.nzcpd.com web page. While he was successful in the end, it was
only because of his extraordinary perseverance. Sadly, individuals up and down the country who have tried to establish
private conservation ventures have had similar experiences and walked away. It wouldn’t be so bad, if DOC was
successfully halting the decline of our endangered species, but the problem is that they are not.
In his paper about DOC, John Third puts it this way: “DOC management failures are legendary, ranging from the Cave Creek
platform collapse, to the death of rare and endangered kakapo because the Department was so focussed on PR that they
allowed dirty gumboots from pig farms to transfer infectious bacterium to kakapo enclosures in Fiordland. Other examples
include releasing cage reared blue ducks into the wild in mid winter. This is a time when food stocks are at their
lowest. This low level of available food had been further reduced where 1080 poison run-off had wiped out the
invertebrate biota in the streams where their food is derived. Not surprisingly all perished, weighed down as they were
with radio transmitters”.
Even Robert and Robyn Webb, who have operated their highly acclaimed Whangarei Native Bird Recovery Centre for 11 years,
have had constant battles with DOC. Yet, they have established an excellent track record, having hatched and released
120 kiwi chicks, banded and released 650 wood pigeons, nursed back to health literally tens of thousands of injured
birds, and, using ‘Snoopy’ their 13-year-old one-legged kiwi (which DOC originally ordered to be destroyed), have
educated more than 5,000 children a year about the kiwi and other native birds. The Centre’s latest kiwi egg can be seen
in its incubator on the web … if you are lucky with your timing, you might even see it hatching!
More and more people are recognising that DOC with its mix of roles and too much land to look after, is failing in its
duty to protect our endangered species. While it will take major changes to turn the situation around, the following
three would be a good start.
Firstly, the DOC estate should be reduced so it consists only of land of high conservation value. The problem is that
during the restructuring of the eighties, DOC became the repository for left over Crown land. That has resulted in the
bizarre situation where full conservation values are applied equally by the department to abandoned rubbish dumps and
pristine national parks!
Secondly, DOC’s role should be operational only, focussed on pro-actively managing the conservation estate and
protecting our native species. If their advocacy responsibilities are removed, DOC could then apply itself to finding
better solutions to some of the major conservation challenges it faces such as finding more environmentally friendly
ways of controlling possums than using the massive drops of 1080 poison, which according to the Parliamentary
Commissioner for the Environment, make New Zealand the largest user of 1080 in the world (notes on this and other
conservation topics can be found in the excellent book by Peter Hartley, “Conservation Strategies for New Zealand”).
And thirdly, the government needs to recognise that DOC on its own cannot save the kiwi and other endangered species. It
will take the energy, commitment and effort of hundreds of thousands of private landowners up and down the country,
encouraged to play their part in a massive national conservation effort - eradicating pests, predator proofing their
properties, planting native trees and other wildlife food sources, and obtaining and releasing endangered species for
breeding purposes – to save them from extinction.
If you care about conservation and the future of our kiwi and other endangered species, please complete this week’s poll
which asks whether you believe more encouragement should be given to private conservation efforts, and if so, what form
that should take.
PS. Last week’s poll asked whether you supported a citizens’ initiated referendum on the Maori seats – 98% of you
agreed. Thanks so much for taking part in the poll and sending in your thoughts …many have been posted on the “comments”
section of the web page.