Richard Prebble's Letter from Wellington
Monday, 16 October 2000
Michael Cullen attended a special ACT caucus on Friday to explain his proposed superannuation scheme. The caucus spent
the rest of Friday with Sir Roger Douglas exploring superannuation issues.
Cullen's Scheme
Michael Cullen's scheme is not prefunded super or even savings based super. It's two things. One, an attempt to set the
rate of superannuation for a rolling forty year horizon. Second, a scheme to smooth the effect on government expenditure
of the baby boomers retiring.
The Fund
There is no long term fund. While it is planned the fund will reach $50 billion at its peak, as super is paid out the
fund reduces to zero.
Treasury Advice
The Treasury advice is that the scheme will have no net effect on the nation's savings. Savings that individuals would
have made will instead be made by the state.
The Good
The legislation will require Treasury to produce 40 year projections. In a way it is an extension of the Fiscal
Responsibility Act, and as decisions such as the level of super have 40 year impacts, this aspect of the Bill has to be
welcomed. Cynics say Cullen wants this scheme to act as a brake on the spending proposals of the Alliance.
The Bad
A $50 billion fund controlled by politicians and politically selected bureaucrats is scary. The politicians won't be
able to resist politicising the fund. It is a huge risk.
Some Thoughts
The Fiscal Responsibility Act has had some unintended consequences. As revenue is known but future expenditure decisions
of governments are not, the Act has spawned the forecasting of optimistic projections of future surpluses which have
never been met. Politicians can not resist spending these projected forecasts as if they were real. Winston Peters did
it with his $5 billion expenditure programme. Michael Cullen believes the forecast of an average two per cent of GDP
surpluses are real. They are not. As an aside, Al Gore and George W Bush are competing to spend projected surplus
forecasts on social security as if the forecasts were real - a slight change in United States growth rates will see the
surpluses disappear and the present US election debates will appear pointless. If we are going to have a $50 billion
asset on the state's balance sheet, then parliament must insist that the future superannuation liability be recorded as
a liability, so politicians do not spend the asset.
ACT's View Is it a dream?
Two per cent of GDP is a very large sum. No country in the OECD has run two per cent surpluses for 30 years. Luxembourg
has done it 14 times while 24 countries, including the United States, have never done it. New Zealand has achieved it
just four times. While deficits are bad, so are surpluses, because it means the Government has over taxed. No government
scheme is as secure as savings in people's own names. When the Government takes $2 billion a year in taxes and transfers
it to a fund, it is not a surplus, it is a tax increase. The reality is that baby boomers are forced to pay twice,
leaving them less money to save themselves. The ability of a nation to afford a retirement scheme depends on the wealth
of the country. If the economy grows faster, a country can afford more. Will the Cullen scheme assist to grow the
economy today or tomorrow?
Xenophobic Legislation?
A major rift is developing between Michael Cullen and Jim Anderton after the Alliance leader called for half of the
proposed super fund to be invested in New Zealand. Winston Peters wants 70 per cent, while the Greens' Rod Donald wants
50 to 70. Cullen, in a bout of economic lucidity, has said their should be no restrictions on the fund's management.
Research by ACT has shown that ten of the top twelve super investment funds have progressively decreased their New
Zealand share holdings. The two that haven't have performed the poorest. Cullen knows legislated investment restrictions
could seriously compromise the forecast nine per cent returns.
Reform In Parole
ACT's Stephen Franks has had his private members bill - Reform in Parole - drawn from the ballot. Justice is a key ACT
issue. The Criminal Justice (Parole Offenders) Amendment Bill strengthens the provisions for dealing with offences
committed on parole. Offences on parole are a serious breach of society's trust. Stephen's Bill will require parolees to
finish their sentences if convicted of offences liable to more than three months imprisonment. Any new sentences arising
from such convictions will be served cumulatively rather than concurrently and a breach of parole will be an aggravating
factor in sentencing. The Bill will be a real test of the coalition. Milk and cuddles Corrections Minister, Matt Robson,
has been loathe to introduce tougher restrictions. Over 90 per cent of New Zealanders voted to tighten up sentencing.
Governments that deny public opinion are punished in the ballot box.
www.act.org.nz/action/archive/parole-reform-bill.html
Dumbing Down
New Zealand ACT, with the help of the Parliamentary Library, has been drilling into the migration statistics. It was
ACT who released statistics that showed 19,235 professionals have left in the year to August 2000. This weekend ACT
announced a similar dumbing down in immigration. In the year to August, 48,312 immigrants, with no professional or high
occupational skills, were granted permanent residence in New Zealand. This is a 5,517 increase over the year before.
There has been no government statement lowering entry criteria. It may be another example of the Immigration Minister
not knowing what her officials are up to. ACT says we need an immigration policy that attracts the best migrants: New
Zealanders returning from overseas. With the Greens' wanting to "pull down top salaries", it isn't going to happen soon.
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